PH = -log [H⁺] ←←[log without a specified base means log base 10]
<span>and if you want to use the hydronium ion concentration then use pH = -log [H₃O⁺] </span>
<span>either way the calculation is the same: </span>
<span>They give that a 0.1 M solution of NaHCO₃ has a hydrogen ion concentration of 4.0 x 10^(-9) </span>
<span>so pH = -log (4.0 x 10^(-9)) </span>
<span>pH = 8.4</span>
The second one
only bases turn litmus paper blue
Water molecules are constantly moving in Ice they move slower and are more tightly packed together and move at a slower pace to lower the freezing point you would have to find a solute that makes it harder for water to form crystals
Answer:
Ionic.
Explanation:
Elements with higher electronegativity values are better at attracting electrons in a chemical bond.
- A chemical bond is considered "ionic" if the electronegativity difference between the two bonding atoms is greater than
. - Otherwise, this chemical bond is considered "covalent".
In this example, the difference between the electronegativity of oxygen and lithium is
. Since
, the bond between the two elements would likely be ionic.
It is possible to reach the same conclusion based on the fact that lithium is a metal while oxygen is a nonmetal. When metal elements react with non-metal elements, the product is typically an ionic compound- with ionic bonds between the atoms.
4.07 x 10-17 = 23.7
(5.6 x 10”) (5.8 x 105)= log(100)
log(7)
Hope this helped