Question

do you expect that the diffusion constant will increase or decrease as the density of a liquid is increased (by com- pressing it) at constant temperature? explain. what will happen to the diffusion constant of a gas and a solid as the density increases?

Answer 1

The diffusion constant will rise when a liquid's density lowers. This is due to the fact that as a liquid's density lowers, more space opens up between its molecules, allowing for more mobility of the molecules. Diffusion constant will decrease as a solid's density rises.

The rate of diffusion rises with temperature and falls with a substance's density. Therefore, diffusion occurs more quickly the higher the temperature. The faster the diffusion, the lighter the substance. This justification

Atom or molecule velocity affects the rate of diffusion. A lighter atom's or molecule's velocity is greater than a heavier atom's or molecule's velocity for a given temperature (for example velocity of hydrogen is higher than oxygen for a given temperature).

A lighter atom or molecule will move at a higher speed for a given rise in temperature because kinetic energy is proportional to mass times velocity (0.5mv2), and a lighter atom or molecule will move at a higher speed for a given increase in temperature.

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