Explanation:
Crystallography. an arrangement in space of isolated points (lattice points ) in a regular pattern, showing the positions of atoms, molecules, or ions in the structure of a crystal.
If an atom experiences sufficient thermal activation, it can move to a neighboring lattice position.4 If the vibration frequency of the atom is v and the atom has Z nearest neighbors, the total number of jump attempts is vZ. However, only a small fraction of the attempts will be successful, with a probability depending on the ratio between the necessary activation energy for a single jump QD and the thermal activation kBT. The effective jump frequency ΓD is then
(5.6)
With each successful jump, the atom travels one atomic distance λ and the total traveling distance in unit time is thus ΓDλ. Substituting the jump frequency ΓD into the expression for the root mean square displacement of a random walker [equation (5.5)] and using the spatial coordinate r leads to
answer: A not sure but i hope it helps :) success
90 degrees
As temperature increases, rate of reaction increases :)
Answer:
See below.
Step-by-step explanation:
Ethers react with HI at high temperature to produce an alky halide and an alcohol.
R-OR' + HI ⟶ R-I + H-OR'
<em>Benzylic ethers</em> react by an Sₙ1 mechanism by forming the stable benzyl cation.
- PhCH₂-OR + HI ⟶ PhCH₂-O⁺(H)R + I⁻ Protonation of the ether
- PhCH₂-O⁺(H)R ⟶ PhCH₂⁺ + HOR Sₙ1 ionization of oxonium ion
- PhCH₂⁺ + I⁻ ⟶ PhCH₂-I Nucleophilic attack by I⁻
If there is excess HI, the alcohol formed in Step 2 is also converted to an alkyl iodide:
ROH +HI ⟶ R-I + H-OH
Thus, benzyl ethyl ether reacts to form benzyl iodide (a) and ethanol (b).
The ethanol reacts with excess HI in an Sₙ2 reaction to form ethyl iodide (c).
The number of atoms that are in 0.32 g of copper are
3.01 x10^21 atoms
<u><em>calculation</em></u>
<u><em> </em></u>Step 1: find the number of moles of Copper
moles = mass/molar mass
= 0.32 g /63.5 g/mol=0.005 moles
Step 2: use the Avogadro's constant to determine the number of atom
in 0.005 moles of Cu
that is according to Avogadro's law 1 mole =6.02 x10^23 atoms
0.005 moles=? atoms
by cross multiplication
= (0.005 moles x 6.02 x10^23 atoms) / 1 mole= 3.01 x10 ^21 atoms
