I think it could be letter B maybe I may be wrong I’m a beginner
Answer: treatment, prevention, and testing.
Explanation: Through treatment, the morbidity and mortality related to HIV have been greatly reduced. The most notable advance in terms of treatment is the use of combination antiretroviral therapy, but there are still many people who do not have access to these treatments.
Prevention strategies depend on the historical, cultural and infrastructure elements of each country.
One in five people at high risk of infection do not have access to counseling and voluntary testing.
Answer: the membrane channel
Explanation:
In passive diffusion, the small water molecules can move across the phospholipid bilayer seen in blue. This layer acts as a semi-permeable or selectively permeable membrane; its hydrophilic heads are attracted to water (seen facing outwards) while its water-repellent hydrophobic tails face towards each other- allowing molecules of water to diffuse across the membrane along the concentration gradient.
Thus the water will move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, until the system reaches a steady state called equilibrium- after this, there will be no net movement of water. Similarly via osmosis, the water passes through the membrane due to the difference in osmotic pressure on either side of the phospholipid bilayer this means that the water moves from regions of high osmotic pressure/concentration to regions of low pressure/ concentration to a steady state.
The dialysis tubing mimics a semi permeable membrane; it only allows water and small molecules of iodine to cross into the bag containing starch. The tubing is impermeable to starch; these large molecules require the aid of protein omplexes called membrane channels, in order to move across the membrane and against the concentration gradient.
Answer: b and c
Explanation:
B. Can vary force of contraction.
C. By varying calcium entering the cell.