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2 years ago

State the guideline you can use to predict the formula of:

Chemistry

1 answer:

Cerrena [4.2K]2 years ago

4 0

We can predict formula of ionic compounds by:

Take a look at where the elements are listed on the periodic table.
The amount of electrons that an element would need to gain or lose in order to resemble an atom of a nearby noble gas is one of the similarities that atoms in the same column as one another (group) tend to display.
Alkali metal group I ions have +1 charges.
Alkaline earth metals (group 2 ions) have a +2 charge.
Nonmetal group 6 ions have a charge of -2.
Halides in group 7 have a -1 charge.
The charges of the transition metals cannot be predicted in a straightforward manner.
Check out a table of charges (valences) to see potential values. The +1, +2, and +3 charges are most frequently employed in beginning and general chemistry courses.
Keep in mind that the positive ion is always stated first when writing an ionic compound's formula.

These are the few guidelines we can use to product formula.

Learn more about ionic compounds here:

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What type of reaction is Ni + MgSo4

kumpel [21]

Chemical- it produces ammonia.

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3 years ago

Give the formulas of the compounds in each set (a) lead(l|) oxide and lead(lV) oxide; (b) lithium nitride, lithium nitrite, and

Ivanshal [37]

Answer:

For a: The formula of lead (II) oxide and lead (IV) oxide is $PbO\text{ and }PbO_2$ respectively.

For b: The formula of lithium nitride, lithium nitrite and lithium nitrate is $Li_3N,LiNO_2\text{ and }LiNO_3$ respectively.

For c: The formula of Strontium hydride and strontium hydroxide is $SrH_2\text{ and }Sr(OH)_2$ respectively.

For d: The formula of magnesium oxide and manganese (II) oxide is $MgO\text{ and }MnO$ respectively.

Explanation:

All the given compounds are ionic compounds. This means that between the atoms complete sharing of electrons takes place.

For a:

Lead is the 82th element of periodic table having electronic configuration of $[Xe]4f^{14}5d^{10}6s^26p^2$ .

To form $Pb^{2+}$ ion, this element will loose 2 electrons and to form $Pb^{4+}$ ion, this element will loose 4 electrons.

Oxygen is the 8th element of periodic table having electronic configuration of $[He]2s^22p^4$ .

To form $O^{2-}$ ion, this element will gain 2 electrons.

By criss-cross method, the oxidation state of the ions gets exchanged and they form the subscripts of the other ions. This results in the formation of a neutral compound.

So, the chemical formula for lead (II) oxide is PbO and for lead (IV) oxide is $PbO_2$

Thus, the formula of lead (II) oxide and lead (IV) oxide is $PbO\text{ and }PbO_2$ respectively.

For b:

Lithium is the 3rd element of periodic table having electronic configuration of $[He]2s^1$ .

To form $Li^{+}$ ion, this element will loose 1 electron.

Nitrogen is the 7th element of periodic table having electronic configuration of $[He]2s^22p^3$ .

To form $N^{3-}$ ion, this element will gain 3 electrons.

Nitrite ion is a polyatomic ion having chemical formula of $NO_2^{-}$

Nitrate ion is a polyatomic ion having chemical formula of $NO_3^{-}$

By criss-cross method, the oxidation state of the ions gets exchanged and they form the subscripts of the other ions. This results in the formation of a neutral compound.

So, the chemical formula for lithium nitride is $Li_3N$ , for lithium nitrite is $LiNO_2$ and for lithium nitrate is $LiNO_3$

Thus, the formula of lithium nitride, lithium nitrite and lithium nitrate is $Li_3N,LiNO_2\text{ and }LiNO_3$ respectively.

For c:

Strontium is the 38th element of periodic table having electronic configuration of $[Kr]5s^2$ .

To form $Sr^{2+}$ ion, this element will loose 2 electrons.

Hydrogen is the 1st element of periodic table having electronic configuration of $1s^1$ .

To form $H^{-}$ ion, this element will gain 1 electron and is named as hydride ion.

Hydroxide ion is a polyatomic ion having chemical formula of $OH^{-}$

By criss-cross method, the oxidation state of the ions gets exchanged and they form the subscripts of the other ions. This results in the formation of a neutral compound.

So, the chemical formula for strontium hydride is $SrH_2$ and for strontium hydroxide is $Sr(OH)_2$

Thus, the formula of Strontium hydride and strontium hydroxide is $SrH_2\text{ and }Sr(OH)_2$ respectively.

For d:

Magnesium is the 12th element of periodic table having electronic configuration of $[Ne]3s^2$ .

To form $Mg^{2+}$ ion, this element will loose 2 electrons.

Manganese is the 25th element of the periodic table having electronic configuration of $[Ar]3d^54s^2$

To form $Mn^{2+}$ ion, this element will loose 2 electrons.

Oxygen is the 8th element of periodic table having electronic configuration of $[He]2s^22p^4$ .

To form $O^{2-}$ ion, this element will gain 2 electrons.

By criss-cross method, the oxidation state of the ions gets exchanged and they form the subscripts of the other ions. This results in the formation of a neutral compound.

So, the chemical formula for magnesium oxide is MgO and for manganese (II) oxide is MnO.

Thus, the formula of magnesium oxide and manganese (II) oxide is $MgO\text{ and }MnO$ respectively.

7 0

3 years ago

2. Calculate the mass of solvent in grams in a solution containing 3.0 grams of Tylenol

katrin2010 [14]

Answer:

83g

Explanation:

1, Formula

Mass percent = (mass of solute/mass of solution) × 100

2. Determine mass of solution

Substitute the data and clear the mass of solution:

3.5 = (3.0g / mass of solution) × 100

0.035 = 3.0g / mass of solution

mass of solution = 3.0 g / 0.035

mass of solution = 85.714g

3. Determine the mass of solvent:

mass of solvent = mass of solution - mass of solute

mass of solvent = 85.714g - 3.0g = 82.714g

Round to two significant figures: 83 g

3 0

3 years ago

Choose all the answers that apply.

iogann1982 [59]

Answer:

All the options are correct except "has 7 electrons"

Explanation:

7 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

Which of the reactions are spontaneous (favorable)? DHAP − ⇀ ↽ − glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Δ G = 3.8 kJ / mol DHAP↽−−⇀glycerald

Tpy6a [65]

Answer:

Explanation:

In spontaneous reaction , there is decrease in Gibb's free energy .( Δ G is negative ). Out of given reaction , following reactions have negative Δ G so they are spontaneous.

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