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nadezda [96]
1 year ago
6

What are valence electrons and how do they affect the properties of an atom?

Chemistry
1 answer:
vlada-n [284]1 year ago
4 0

The term "valence electrons" refers to all of the electrons in an atom's outermost shell.

The centre of the atom is where the nucleus is. The nucleus contains protons and neutrons. The electrons travel in a specific circular direction and at a specific distance from the nucleus.

The atom's final shell's electrons take part in chemical reactions and the production of bonds. Both ionic and covalent bonding involve valence electrons. Metals are elements with one, two, or three electrons in their final shell.

These substances become positive ions after losing their electrons. Non-metals are substances with 5, 6, or 7 electrons in the outermost shell. These substances all gain electrons and change into negative ions.

Ionic bonds are those created by the transfer of electrons between metals and non-metals. For instance, ionic bonding allows sodium and chlorine to interact to generate sodium chloride.

To know more about valence electrons here

brainly.com/question/371590

#SPJ4

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Gaseous neon has a density of 0.900 g/L at standard conditions. How many neon atoms are in 1.00 L of neon gas at standard condit
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1 = mole/22.4

Mole= 22.4mol.

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Answer:

Explanation:

As the pH drops, the NH2groups on the lysine side chains become charged and helices can no longer form because of charge repulsion between these groups. This might occur below the pKa of lysine if more than 50% of the lysine residues is to be charged in order to ‘break’ the helix. Another possibility is that the pKa of lysine residues might be different when in polylysine as compared with the monomer (free amino acid) in solution.

One will expect other residues that are positively charged at neutral pH to have a similar profile; namely, arginine and possibly histidine. Both arginine and histidine are bulkier than lysine. Even if there were some rotation of their side chains, steric interference would probably be so severe as to prohibit the formation of an -helix. The transition is inverted because at a low pH glutamate will be neutral whereas at a high pH it will assume a net negative charge (through dissociation of the carboxyl groups on its side chains). One will easily speculate that a polypeptide chain containing both glutamate and lysine residues will be able to form an helix at relatively neutral pHs. Under these conditions, lysines will be mostly positively charged and glutamates will be mostly negatively charged. This will allow these residues to make ionic bonds and salt bridges to stabilize the helix. At very low pH, however, lysine will be mostly positively charged, but it will be near to neutral glutamate residues. At very high pH, the Glu will be negatively charged, but it will be near neutral.

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