In contrast to an inhibitory transmitter, an excitatory transmitter encourages the development of an electrical signal known as an action potential in the receiving neuron.
Depolarization is brought on by excitatory neurotransmitters (decrease in membrane potential). Hyperpolarization is brought on by inhibitory neurotransmitters (increase in membrane potential).
Neurotransmitters fall into two categories: excitatory and inhibitory. While inhibitory neurotransmitters work to stop an action potential, excitatory neurotransmitters function to activate receptors on the postsynaptic membrane and enhance the effects of the action potential.
While inhibitory neurons release neurotransmitters that prevent action potential firing, excitatory neurons release neurotransmitters that cause an action potential to occur in the postsynaptic neuron.
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