Question

which example of a missense mutation in a protein-encoding gene would most likely be a neutral mutation?

Answer 1

An example of a missense mutation in a protein-encoding gene would most likely be a neutral mutation is option B: replacement of a polar amino acid with another polar amino acid at the protein's surface.

A frequent and well-known example of a missense mutation is the blood condition sickle-cell anemia. Missense mutations exist in the DNA at a single location in sickle-cell anemia patients. A different amino acid is required in this missense mutation, which also alters the overall structure of the protein. Similarly, replacement of a polar amino acid by another polar Ami no acid at the protein's surface is a missense mutation causing change in a single site.

A neutral mutation is one whose fixation is unrelated to natural selection. Therefore, the independence of a mutation's fixation from natural selection can be used to define the selective neutrality of a mutation.

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Complete question is:

Which example of a missense mutation in a protein-encoding gene would most likely be a neutral mutation?

a) Replacement of a polar amino acid with a nonpolar amino acid at the protein's outer surface

b) Replacement of a polar amino acid with another polar amino acid at the protein's surface

c) Replacement of a polar amino acid with another polar amino acid in the protein's interior

d) Replacement of a polar amino acid with a nonpolar amino acid in the protein's interior