The two biggest parties are the Democratic and Republican. Other parties that can support candidates in a presidential election include the Reform, Libertarian, Socialist, Natural Law, Constitution, and Green Parties.
The primary barriers preventing candidates from running in elections are political parties. Thus, parties have a significant impact on how much young people participate in politics at the local, regional, and federal levels. Parties typically control who gets nominated for office, who wins, and which issues gain national prominence. They choose who gets added to their candidate lists and for what position. In proportional representation "closed list" electoral systems, young candidates are frequently listed at the bottom of candidate lists with very little chance of winning, so political parties' nomination procedures have not always favored them. They function as intermediary institutions, bridging the gap between the state and civil society and converting public policy preferences into political action.
In addition to considering nominating younger candidates for municipal and provincial/state elections, political parties could do more to encourage young people to run for office. In order to make room for younger candidates, they might also push to lower the age requirement for running for office at these levels of government.
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