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kirza4 [7]
2 years ago
3

How does ion exchange work? Why does it remove calcium ions (ca2+ ) and magnesium ions (mg2+ ) from hard water?

Chemistry
1 answer:
strojnjashka [21]2 years ago
8 0

By exchanging them with sodium (or potassium) ions, cation exchange water softeners eliminate the calcium and magnesium ions present in hard water.

<h3>Ion exchange in water:</h3>

Ion exchange is the reversible exchange of ions, or charged particles, with other ions that have a similar charge. This happens when ions with a comparable charge that are present in the surrounding solution effectively switch places with ions that are located on an insoluble IX resin matrix.

The ion exchange procedure eliminates the water's enduring hardness. Hardness is eliminated in this technique through the use of resins. Cl- and anion exchange resin are used to exchange Ca++/Mg++ ions and SO4-2 ions (RNH2OH). The ion exchange procedure totally removes all of the total dissolved solids.

In ion exchange, calcium and magnesium, which are hardness ions, are removed and replaced with non-hardness ions, usually sodium, which is provided by dissolved sodium chloride salt, or brine.

Learn more about ion exchange here:

brainly.com/question/16244352

#SPJ4

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Which of the following compounds, when placed in water, would NOT allow
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5 0
4 years ago
Consider the data [X] [Y] [Z] initial rate M M M M · s −1 Exp 1 0.30 0.20 0.35 0.210 Exp 2 0.60 0.10 0.70 0.420 Exp 3 0.60 0.20
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Rate = k [X]⁻¹ [Z]²

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[X] [Y] [Z] initial rate M M M M · s −1

Exp 1 0.30 0.20 0.35      0.210

Exp 2 0.60 0.10 0.70      0.420

Exp 3 0.60 0.20 0.70     0.420

Exp 4 0.60 0.40 0.35      0.105

In Experiment 2 and 3 where the concentrations of Y and Z were constant, doubling the concentration of Y had no effect on the rate of the reaction. This means, that the rate of the reaction is zero order with respect to Y.

In experiment 3 and 4, dividing the concentration of Z by 2, causes the rate of the reaction to decrease by 4. This means the rate of the reaction is second order with respect to Z.

In experiment 1 and 4, doubling the concentration of X, causes the rate of the reaction to decrease by half. This means that X has an order of -1 with respect to the rate of the reaction.

The rate expression is given as;

Rate = k [X]⁻¹[Y]⁰[Z]²

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