the molecules pass the electron they pump hydrogen ions from one side of the membrane to the other. The high concentration of hydrogen ions pumped into the inner thylakoid space (the thylakoid lumen) can then be used to make ATP by a process called chemiosmosis.
Answer:
The factors which remained constant are as follows -
- material used as the membrane
- amount of substances used
- number of trials
The factors which have shown variation are as follows -
- molecule size (large starch molecules vs. small glucose molecules)
- whether the molecules diffused through the membrane (tubing)
Explanation
Some factors with in the experiments remained constant from the point of starting of the experiment to its end. While some factors were varied to study its impact on the experiment rate of progression or on the final product formed. Thus , out of the following given factors, the ones that remained constant are -
- material used as the membrane
- amount of substances used
- number of trials
The factors which have shown variation are as follows -
- molecule size (large starch molecules vs. small glucose molecules)
- whether the molecules diffused through the membrane (tubing)
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The answer is physical change I think
