To solve the above inequality we will try to isolate j by using the opposite operation of a number that we want to remove. So,

Add 8 to each sides.
By combining the like terms.
Multiply each sides by 4 to isolate j.
j<48 By simplifying.
So, the answer is j<48.
The answer is -9+7 because it INCREASED which means adding ( + ).
I drew it roughly
All 4 sides are = sqrt20
Looks like a rhombus
Second one
1/16
3/8 divided by 1/6=1/16