Answer:
d. officers becoming personally involved with informants.
Explanation:
An informant is a person who gives his testimony in relation to a situation as a way to help in the investigation of something. These people cannot be considered a witness of a situation, because they are not formally obliged to speak the truth about the facts of the situation (the witness is obliged to speak the truth), and they can tell fanciful, uncooperative and incorrect information.
In this case, it is extremely unethical for the information that an informant provides to be overestimated, because that information may be false. moreover, an informant cannot be intimidated or coerced into contributing to a given situation, nor can he be deceived about its relevance in the investigation, through false praise. However, in terms of ethics and morals, nothing prevents officers from personally getting involved with informants.
