Water is the only common substance that when you freeze it, it's volume INCREASES.
When the pipe originally held the "all full" volume and the the water expanded, it put a tremendous amount of pressure on the pipe. Enough pressure and the pipe would burst.
Lower
Melting points of molecular solids are lower than melting points of ionic compounds
1) H2O is able to dissolve both polar molecules and non polar ones
2) due to its extreme polarity it can even dissolve some I onic compounds
3 the h2o molecule itself is small in size
40 g NaOH. You must use 40 g NaOH to prepare 10.0 L of a solution that has a pH of 13.
<em>Step 1</em>. Calculate the pOH of the solution
pOH = 14.00 – pH = 14.00 -13 = 1
<em>Step 2</em>. Calculate the concentration of NaOH
[NaOH] = [OH^(-)] = 10^(-pOH) mol/L = 10^(-1) mol/L = 0.1 mol/L
<em>Step 3</em>. Calculate the moles of NaOH
Moles of NaOH = 10.0 L solution × (0.1 mol NaOH/1 L solution) = 1 mol NaOH
<em>Step 4</em>. Calculate the mass of NaOH
Mass of NaOH = 1 mol NaOH × (40.00 g NaOH/1 mol NaOH) = 40 g NaOH
