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lyudmila [28]
3 years ago
14

What is penetration? How is it related to shielding? Use the penetration effect to explain the difference in relative orbital en

ergies of a 3p and a 3d electron in the same atom.
Chemistry
1 answer:
Whitepunk [10]3 years ago
5 0

Answer: penetration is the ability of an electron in a given orbital to approach the nucleus closely. Shielding refers to the fact that core electrons reduce the degree of nuclear attraction felt by the orbital electrons. Shielding is the opposite of penetration. The most penetrating orbital is the least screening orbital. The order of increasing shielding effect/decreasing penetration is s<p<d<f.

Explanation:

The order of penetrating power is 1s>2s>2p>3s>3p>4s>3d>4p>5s>4d>5p>6s>4f....

Since the 3p orbital is more penetrating than the 3d orbital, it will lie nearer to the nucleus and thus possess lower energy.

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What molarity of nitric acid (HNO3) was used if 2.00 L must be used to prepare 4.5 L of a 0.25 M HNO3 solution?
Ymorist [56]

The   molarity  of (HNO₃) that was used  if 2.00 L must  be used   to prepare 4.5 L  of a 0.25M HNO₃ solution is   0.563 M


 <u><em>calculation</em></u>

  This is calculated  usind  M₁V₁=M₂V₂  formula

where,

         M₁(  molarity ₁) = ?

         V₁( volume ₁) = 2.00 L

        M₁ (molarity ₂) = 0.25M

         V₂( volume₂) = 4.5 L

make M₁ the subject  of the formula by  diving both side of the formula  by V₁

   M₁  is therefore = M₂V₂/V₁

M₁ =[ (0.25 M  x 4.5 L) / 2.00 L ]  =0.563 M

5 0
3 years ago
Please i need help really quickly on this. thank you​
prohojiy [21]

Answer:

the error could have been the fact that the unit for volume wasn't changed from cm³ to dm³

hence the calculation error

the solution to this would be first dividing the volume by 1000 to get that same amount in dm³ which is the standard unit to be used for volume-density calculations

6 0
3 years ago
Four people weigh a standard mass of 10.00g on the same balance. Which of the following sets of readings suggests measurements t
Svetach [21]
An example of accurate but not precise would be 3 people weigh a 10g sample. the weights are 0g, 10g, & 20 grams. the scale is way off but the weights average to the right thing.
precise but not accurate would weighing a 10g sample 3 times and getting 5.5, 5.4, & 5.5. they'e all incredibly similar therefore precise but its nowhere near 10, so not accurate. 
neither precise nor accurate would be 3 weights being 10, 20, &30. It averages wrong and is imprecise.
5 0
3 years ago
The reaction of an Arrhenius acid with an Arrhenius base produces water and A) a salt B) an ester C) an aldehyde D) a halocarbon
Ratling [72]
The reaction of an Arrhenius acid with an Arrhenius base produces water and <span>A) a salt</span>
8 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Finding the pH for [H+] = 9.4 * 10-3 M?
saul85 [17]

Answer:

pH = 2.0

Explanation:

To find the pH of a solution, take the -log[H+]. In this case, the -log(9.4 x 10^-3) equals 2.02687 which makes 2.0 when accounting for significant figures.

3 0
3 years ago
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