The possible formula in Dalton's time
(had never heard of a mole)
a. NO₂, NO₈, NO₁₀
c. N₂O, N₂O₄, N₂O₅
<h3>Further explanation
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Dalton's law of multiple comparisons states that if elements are forming two or more kinds of compounds, if the mass of one of the elements is known to be the same / fixed, then the mass of the second element in the two compounds will have a ratio as a simple integer.
The available samples show the ratio of masses of elements N and O as follows:
- 1. Compound A: N: O = 5.6: 3.2 = 1.75: 1
- 2. Compound B: N: O = 3.5: 8.0 = 1: 2,235
- 3. Compound C: N: O = 1.4: 4.0 = 1: 2.8857
To simplify numbers into simple integers, we multiply all the comparisons above by multiplying 7, so we get:
Compound A: 7: 4
Compound B: 7:16
Compound C: 7:20
From the results of this comparison shows that for the same number of N, the ratio of element O is 4:16:20 = 1: 4: 5 (fulfills Dalton's theory)
So according to Dalton (because there is no concept of the mole) then there is a possibility that the compound is:
a. NO₂, NO₈, NO₁₀
c. N₂O, N₂O₄, N₂O₅
But if we use the mole concept which shows the empirical formula of the compounds, the mole ratio of each compound is:
5.6 / 14: 3.2: 16 = 0.4: 0.2 = 2: 1
3.5 / 14: 8/16 = 0.25: 0.5 = 1: 2 = 2: 4
1.4 / 14: 4/16 = 0.1: 0.25 = 2: 5
So if we use the mole concept, then the appropriate compound is c. N₂O, N₂O₄, N₂O₅
<h3>Learn more
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Keywords: Dalton, the law of multiple comparisons