The enthalpy of reaction for the combustion of ethane 2CH₃CH₃ + 7O₂ → 4CO₂ + 6H₂O calculated from the average bond energies of the compounds is -2860 kJ/mol.
The reaction is:
2CH₃CH₃ + 7O₂ → 4CO₂ + 6H₂O (1)
The enthalpy of reaction (1) is given by:
(2)
Where:
r: is for reactants
p: is for products
The bonds of the compounds of reaction (1) are:
- 2CH₃CH₃: 2 moles of 6 C-H bonds + 2 moles of 1 C-C bond
- 7O₂: 7 moles of 1 O=O bond
- 4CO₂: 4 moles of 2 C=O bonds
- 6H₂O: 6 moles of 2 H-O bonds
Hence, the enthalpy of reaction (1) is (eq 2):
![\Delta H = [2*(6*413 + 347) + 7*498 - (4*2*799 + 6*2*467)] kJ/mol](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%20%5CDelta%20H%20%3D%20%5B2%2A%286%2A413%20%2B%20347%29%20%2B%207%2A498%20-%20%284%2A2%2A799%20%2B%206%2A2%2A467%29%5D%20kJ%2Fmol%20)
Therefore, the enthalpy of reaction for the combustion of ethane is -2860 kJ/mol.
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So platinum is a transition metal. In general transition metals are reducers, which means they can give the electrons they have, to the sodium atoms. Also in chemistry we look at sub orbitals rather that shells(2,8,8). So due to the energy from heat, the d orbital split as electrons move to a higher energy level. Some of the electrons are given to the sodium ions and therefore the flame changes colour to yellow.
The excitation of the electrons is caused by them getting energy and so moving up an energy level. This energy is released and the electron returns to it's original state. The energy released, however, does not release in the same direction, but in different/various directions. Therefore the colour of the light changes as some energy is released in the surrounding.
Answer:
barium and silicon has same valence electrons
Explanation:
barium-2,8,18,18,8,2
neon-2,8
silicon-2,8,2,2
carbon-2,4
An increase in the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases produces a positive climate forcing, or warming effect. From 1990 to 2015, the total warming effect from greenhouse gases added by humans to the Earth's atmosphere increased by 37 percent.
