1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
Elanso [62]
3 years ago
11

For ethanol, propanol, and n-butanol the boiling points, surface tensions, and viscosities all increase. What is the reason for

this increase?
The boiling points, surface tension, and viscosities all increase because the strength of dispersion forces increases.

The boiling points, surface tension, and viscosities all increase because the strength of intramolecular forces increases.

The boiling points, surface tension, and viscosities all increase because the strength of ion-dipole interactions increases.

The boiling points, surface tension, and viscosities all increase because the strength of dipole-dipole interactions increases.

The boiling points, surface tension, and viscosities all increase because the strength of hydrogen bonds increases.
Chemistry
1 answer:
vekshin13 years ago
7 0

Answer:

First choice. The boiling points, surface tension, and viscosities all increase because the strength of dispersion forces increases.

Explanation:

Those properties, <em>boiling points, surface tension, and viscosities</em> are due to the attractive intermolecular forces of the substances.

<em>Ethanol, propanol, and n-butanol</em> (three alcohols) have these chemical formulae:

  • <em>Ethatnol</em>: CH₃CH₂ OH
  • <em>Propanol</em>: CH₃ CH₂ CH₂ OH
  • <em>n-butanol</em>: CH₃CH₂ CH₂ CH₂ OH

So, the molecules of those substances are polar and exhibit all these types of intermolecular bonding forces:

  •    <u>Dipole-dipole interactions</u>: attractive forces between the positive end of one polar molecule and the negative end of another polar molecule;
  •    <u>London dispersion forces</u>:  a temporary attractive force that results of temporary assymetry in the electron distribution around the nuclei. This occurs when the electrons in two adjacent atoms occupy positions that cause the atoms form temporary dipoles. These forces exist between any two molecules when they are very, very close to each other (almost touching).
  •    <u>Hydrogen bonding</u>: the strongest intermolecular force. It is a type of dipole-dipole attraction, which arises between an hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a very electronegative atom (in this case oxygen) and the very electronegative atom (oxygen) of a neighboor molecule.

What answer your question is that such <em>hydrogen bonding and dipole-dipole interactions</em> are similar for all the three alcohols, <em>ethanol, propanol, and n-butano</em>l, so they are not responsible for the difference in the mentioned properties, boiling points, surface tension, and viscosities. What is different is the <em>dispersion forces</em>: they increase as the size of the alcohols increase.

As the molecules contain more carbon atoms, lengthen, contain more electrons and, as consequence, the dispersion forces become greater (the magnitude of the temporary dipoles formed increase). This explains the validity of the first statement, that <em>the boiling points, surface tension, and viscosities, all increase because the strength fo the dispersion forces increase.</em>

You might be interested in
Equilibrium describes the balance that results from a forward and reverse reaction proceeding at equal rates. Since reaction rat
Delvig [45]

Answer:

b) the reaction proceeds to a new equilibrium in the direction that offsets the change.

Explanation:

According to Le Chatelier's principle, when a system experiences a constraint such as a change in pressure, temperature or concentration, the system will readjust itself in order to annul the constraint.

This simply means that when temperature, concentration or pressure is changed, a new equilibrium position is reached in order to offset the changes in the system.

5 0
3 years ago
Give examples to three solutions you commonly use and identify the solvent and solutes that make it each up.
8_murik_8 [283]
Mouthwash:
solvent - water
solute - alcohols

vinegar:
solvent - water
solute - acetic acid

bleach:
solvent - water
solute - sodium hypochlorite

hope this helps!!

8 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Which pair of dispersed phases and dispersing media can never form a colloid?
lana66690 [7]

Answer:

Option B Liquid and Gas

7 0
3 years ago
Which two types of weather are most likely to occur when you see clouds Like these?
katen-ka-za [31]

Answer:

A: Sunshine

Explanation:

6 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Explain why the melting point of calcium is high?
DanielleElmas [232]
It takes more energy to breakdown the bonds
5 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Other questions:
  • Which of these statements about electron orbitals is not true?
    7·1 answer
  • If an isotope of iron (Fe) has 23 electrons, what charge does it have?
    14·1 answer
  • How do solutions of water, elements, and compounds that can crystallize into a mineral form deep underground?
    7·1 answer
  • The pH of an acid substance is between what values on the pH scale? A)0 and 4 B) 0 and 7 C) 7 and 14 D) greater than 14
    12·1 answer
  • BrO3- (aq) + NO2(aq) → Br-(aq) + NO3-(aq) Balance this reaction in acidic conditions?
    10·1 answer
  • 6. What is the producer
    15·2 answers
  • Plz help me asap i will die or else :c
    5·2 answers
  • What is the polystyrene?​
    14·2 answers
  • What is the ph of a solution which is 0. 023 m in weak base and 0. 037 m in the conjugate weak acid ( a = 7. 1 × 10^−6)?
    8·1 answer
  • Allicin is the compound responsible for the characteristic smell of garlic. An analysis of the compound gives the following perc
    14·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!