The factor that is most responsible for the fact that water is a liquid rather than gas at room temperature is the hydrogen bonding. The hydrogen bonding keeps the water molecules bonded together, otherwise it would have been in a gaseous state. I hope the answer helps you.
Explanation:
It is known that,
Molar mass of Cd = 112.41 g/mol
Standard concentration of Cd = 0.005 mg/L =
g/L
Hence, we will calculate the molarity as follows.
Molarity = 
=
M
Equation for the reaction is as follows.

![K_{sp} = [Cd^{2+}][OH^{-}]^{2}]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=K_%7Bsp%7D%20%3D%20%5BCd%5E%7B2%2B%7D%5D%5BOH%5E%7B-%7D%5D%5E%7B2%7D%5D)
![2 \times 10^{-34} = 4.45 \times 10^{-8} \times [OH^{-}]^{2}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=2%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-34%7D%20%3D%204.45%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-8%7D%20%5Ctimes%20%5BOH%5E%7B-%7D%5D%5E%7B2%7D)
M
Also,
![[H^{+}] = \frac{10^{-14}}{[OH^{-}]}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BH%5E%7B%2B%7D%5D%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B10%5E%7B-14%7D%7D%7B%5BOH%5E%7B-%7D%5D%7D)
= 
= 
Relation between pH and concentration of hydrogen ions is as follows.
pH = ![-log [H^{+}]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=-log%20%5BH%5E%7B%2B%7D%5D)
= 
= 10.82
Thus, we can conclude that a minimum pH of 10.82 is necessary to reduce the dissolved cadmium ion concentration to the standard.
The rate of reaction between oxygen and copper is higher at high temperature. The rate of reaction between oxygen and copper is lower at room temperature.
at high temperature copper penny will react with oxygen as shown below

The reaction does not occur easily at room temperature
We can say that the reaction between copper and oxygen is an endothermic reaction so the rate of reaction is high at high temperature.
The bond energy of oxygen molecules need energy to react with copper and form copper oxide.
1. Decreasing the temperature of the water.
2. One new atom with a large nucleus forms.
3.The reaction is an example of oxidation.
Answer: C. Atoms cannot be subdivided, created, or destroyed. This is the correct answer