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3 years ago

Three examples of biomass sources used to produce biopower

1 answer:

6 0

Biomass might literally mean a biological mass, but it actually denotes sources that are burned to produce energy. Biomass is considered a renewable energy source. The primary one that has been used for thousands of years is wood; it is still widespread in many primitive areas and it is burned in old and new burners. Biofuels like ethanol from crops is another important source that has been on a rise. They are cheap and they are used a lot in developing countries. Finally, the burning of municipal waste is another source and many Nordic countries use it to produce energy and even some import waste to use as fuel.

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Below is a mature eukaryotic mRNA transcript. Translate this mRNA into a protein, also showing the tRNA anticodons involved. Mak

diamong [38]

Answer:

mRNA ⇒ 5'GMU UAC AUG CGG CUC AGU UGA GGC GAA AAA A 3'

tRNA ⇒ UAC GCC GAG UCA ACU

protein ⇒ N - MET ARG LEU SER Stop - C

Explanation:

In protein synthesis, the ribosome reads mRNA in the 5´ to 3´ direction, and, according to the codons that are being readen, tRNA transfers the correct amino acids to build the polypeptide chain. A codon is a short sequence of three nucleotides that store the genetic information for the aminoacids´ assembly. Each tRNA has two important sites. One of them that couples with the codon of the mRNA molecule, named anticodon. The other site couples with an amino acid. tRNA allows amino acids to align according to the nucleotidic sequence in the mRNA molecule.

Once the new amino acid links to the growing peptidic chain, the binding between the amino acid and the tRNA molecule breaks. The tRNA is now free to join another amino acid and repeat the cycle.

The protein is synthesized from the amino terminus to the carboxy terminus, while the added amino acids to the chain are coded by a codon formed by three bases in the mRNA. mARNs also have a start and end codon that are the signals of the synthesis initiation and finish. When the ribosome reaches the end codon, protein synthesis is over.

Each of the codons represents one of the 20 amino acids used to build the protein. Each amino acid can be codified by more than one codon. From the total 64 codons, 61 codify amino acids, and one of them is a start codon. The left three codons are stopping translation points.

The codons indicating the initiation or stop points during the translation process are:

• The start codon AUG is the most common sequence used by eukaryotic cells and places near the 5´extreme of the molecule.

• The end codons are UAA, UAG, UGA.

Protein synthesis initiates in the AUG start codon -Metionin-, and ends when reaching either of the stop codons UAA, UAG, UGA.

In the exposed example we have the following mRNA.

mRNA ⇒ 5'GMU UAC AUG CGG CUC AGU UGA GGC GAA AAA A 3'

Codons are separated by a space left between them. AUG is the start codon placed near the 5´ extreme. UGA is the end codon near the 3´ extreme. tRNA will add amino acids from the start codon, not before.

tRNA ⇒ UAC GCC GAG UCA ACU

Anticodons are separated by a space left between them.

protein ⇒ N - MET ARG LEU SER Stop - C

Each mRNA codon codifies for an amino acid. The start codon codifies for methionine. AUG = Met, CGG = Arg, CUC = Leu, AGU = Ser, UGA = Stop codon. The amino terminus is represented as an N and the carboxy terminus is a C. The first extreme to be translated carries the amino-terminal group, while the other extreme carries the carboxy-terminus group.

5 0

3 years ago

How are proteins constructed from amino acids?

Viefleur [7K]

Answer:

By binding sugars on the outside.

Explanation:

Within a protein, multiple amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds, thereby forming a long chain. Peptide bonds are formed by a biochemical reaction that extracts a water molecule as it joins the amino group of one amino acid to the carboxyl group of a neighboring amino acid.

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8 0

3 years ago

The inner layer of the uterus is called the

Lana71 [14]

Answer:

A.endometrium

Explanation:

The endometrium is the inner layer that lines the uterus. It is made up of glandular cells that make secretions. The myometrium is the middle and thickest layer of the uterus wall.

5 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

Gizmos Student Exploration: Photosynthesis Lab answer key pleaseeeee

mojhsa [17]

Gizmo student is psychologically chemically imbalanced and a brain surgeon

8 0

3 years ago

during which checkpoint would damaged or improperly replicated dna halt progression through the cell cycle?

Yuliya22 [10]

Answer:

G2/Growth 2 phase