Answer:
An operating system is something that controls the functions of an application software(app). The app does specific tasks for the end-user; the end user is someone who is, or is supposed to, use a product. The app uses API to request services from the operating system. If the user is interacting direct with software, it is an application software.
Explanation:
Answer
5 bits
Explanation
A bit is the least or the smallest unit of data in a computer. They are the units of information in information theory, consisting of the amount of information required to specify one of two alternatives 0 and 1. This is because A bit has a single binary value, either 0 or 1
If you use roman alphabet A to Z lets use log 2(26)=4.7 bits. when you round off it will be 5 bits.
D. (chart elemments) - correct answer
Yes , it’s true. In a known-plaintext attack (kpa), the cryptanalyst can only view a small portion of encrypted data, and he or she has no control over what that data might be.
The attacker also has access to one or more pairs of plaintext/ciphertext in a Known Plaintext Attack (KPA). Specifically, consider the scenario where key and plaintext were used to derive the ciphertext (either of which the attacker is trying to find). The attacker is also aware of what are the locations of the output from key encrypting. That is, the assailant is aware of a pair. They might be familiar with further pairings (obtained with the same key).
A straightforward illustration would be if the unencrypted messages had a set expiration date after which they would become publicly available. such as the location of a planned public event. The coordinates are encrypted and kept secret prior to the event. But when the incident occurs, the attacker has discovered the value of the coordinates /plaintext while the coordinates were decrypted (without knowing the key).
In general, a cipher is easier to break the more plaintext/ciphertext pairs that are known.
To learn more about Plaintext Attack click here:
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