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puteri [66]
3 years ago
15

How is an oxidation half-reaction written using the reduction potential chart? How is the oxidation potential voltage determined

?
Chemistry
2 answers:
insens350 [35]3 years ago
7 0
Oxidation  half  reaction  is  written   as    follows when  using  using  reduction potential  chart
example  when  using  copper  it is  written  as  follows
CU2+   +2e-  --> c(s)  +0.34v
 oxidasation  is the  loos  of  electron  hence copper oxidation  potential  is  as  follows
cu (s)  -->  CU2+   +2e    -0.34v

Veronika [31]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

Oxidation half reaction is the reverse of the reaction depicted in the chart and the oxidation potential will have the opposite sign relative to that in the chart

Explanation:

Redox reactions i.e. reduction-oxidation reactions generally involve transfer of electrons between two species.

Reduction half reaction involves the gain of electrons whereas oxidation half reactions involve the loss of electrons. For example

Oxidation: Loss of electrons

A\rightarrow A^{+} + e^{-}

Reduction: Gain of electrons

A^{+}+e^{-}\rightarrow A

A reduction potential chart gives the standard reduction potential of various species in terms of the reduction half reaction.

For example, in the case of Zn, the standard reduction potential value (E⁰) would be:

Zn^{+}+2e^{-}\rightarrow Zn       E0(reduction) =-0.76 V

The corresponding oxidation reaction and potential would be the reverse of the above reaction:

Zn\rightarrow Zn^{+}+2e^{-}        E0(oxidation) =+0.76 V

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How are the following aspects of a reaction affected by the addition of a catalyst? 1) activation energy of the reverse reaction
snow_tiger [21]

These are four questions and four answers.

Answers:

1) activation energy of the reverse reaction

     b. Decreased

2) Rate of the forward reaction

    a. Increased

3) Rate of the reverse reaction

    a. Increased

4) Activation energy of the forward reaction

    b. decreased

Explanation:

<em>Activarion energy</em> is the energy required by the reactants to form the intermediate transition state and become products.

<em>Catalysts</em> are substances that change the path of the chemical reactions, lowering the activation energy, and thus speeding up the rate of the reactions, since the products can reach the new lower activation energy faster.

The equilibrium reactions are the chemical process in which two reactions, the <em>forward and the reverese reactions</em>, occur simultaneously and at the same rate.  The equlibrium reactions may be represented by:

  • A ⇄ B

Where A → B is the direct or forward reaction, and A ← B is the reverse reaction (note the inversed arrow, from right to left).

For the direct reaction A represents the reactants and B represents the products. On the other hand, B represents the reactants and A represents the reactants of the reverse reaction and A. This, is A is the reactant of the forward reaction and the product of the reverse reaction, while B is the reactant of the reverse reaction and the product of the forward reaction.

Since, <em>the addition of a catalyst</em> lowers the activation energy of the process, the new activation energy is lower for both the forward and the reverse reaction, meaning that:

1. <em>The activation energy of the reverse reaction is decreased</em> (option b. of the first question)

2.<em> The rate of the forward reaction is increased</em> (option a. of the second question)

3. <em>The rate of the reverse reaction is increased</em> (option a. of the third question).

4. <em>Activation energy of the forward reaction is decreased</em> (option b. of the fourth question).

In summary, the addition of a catalyst decreases the activation energy for both forward and reverse reactions, and increases the rate of both forward and reverse reactions.

3 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Which statement is incorrect regarding the reaction of benzene with an electrophile? View Available Hint(s) A) The carbocation i
Leno4ka [110]

Answer:

The carbocation intermediate reacts with a nucleophile to form the addition product.

Explanation:

The reaction of benzene with an electrophile is an electrophillic substitution reaction. Here the electrophile replaces hydrogen. There is no formation of carbocation as intermediate in the reaction. Infact there is transition state where the electorphile attacks on benzene ring and at the same time the hydrogen gets removed from the benzene. So a transition carbocation is formed.

The general mechanism is shown in the figure.

i) Attack of the electrophile on the benzene (which is the nucleophile)

ii) The carbocation intermediate loses a proton from the carbon bonded to the electrophile.

iii) the carbocation formation is the rate determining step.

iv) There is no formation of addition product.

Thus the wrong statement is

The carbocation intermediate reacts with a nucleophile to form the addition product.

3 0
3 years ago
A scientist wants to determine which fertilizer is more effective—Fertilizer X or Fertilizer Y. The best way for her to proceed
Alecsey [184]

Answer:

The correct answer is "three groups of plants—a group fertilized by X, a group fertilized by Y, and a control group with no fertilizer".

Explanation:

I had to look for the problem to know the options.

The best way to determine which fertilizer is most effective is to have three evaluation groups. One group will be tested with fertilizer X and another with fertilizer Y. By leaving the third group without applying fertilizer, this will be the general pattern for comparing the effectiveness of the other two.

Have a nice day!

4 0
3 years ago
Which animal is a primary consumer?
Viktor [21]

Snowy Owl i Think  or weasel

4 0
2 years ago
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How many protons, electrons, and neutrons does 18F- contain?
Rom4ik [11]
<h3>Answer:</h3>

             Number of Protons  =  9

             Number of Neutrons  =  9

             Number of Electrons  =  10

<h3>Explanation:</h3>

Number of Protons:

                               The number of protons present in any atom are equal to the atomic number of that particular atom. Hence, as the atomic number of Fluorine is 9 therefore, it contains 9 protons.

Number Neutrons:

                             The number of neutrons present in atom are calculated as,

                                # of Neutrons  =  Atomic Mass - # of protons

As given,

                                Atomic Mass  =  18

                                # of Protons  =  9

So,

                                # of Neutrons  =  18 - 9

                                # of Neutrons  =  9

Number of Electrons:

                                   As we know for a neutral atom the number of electrons are exactly equal to the number of protons present in its nucleus. So, for 9 protons in neutral Fluorine atom there must be 9 electrons. But, we are given with Fluoride Ion (i.e. F⁻) so it contains one extra electron hence, it contains the total of 10 electrons respectively.

7 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
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