Le Châtelier's Principle
This principle states that as temperature increases the pressure must also increase to remain at equilibrium
S₂O₈²⁻
(aq) + 2I⁻
(aq) → I₂(aq) + 2SO₄
²⁻(aq)
2S₂O₃²⁻
(aq) + I₂(aq) → S₄O₆²⁻
(aq) + 2I⁻
(aq)
<u>Explanation:</u>
S₂O₈²⁻
(aq) + 2I⁻
(aq) → I₂(aq) + 2SO₄
²⁻(aq)
To measure the rate of this reaction we must measure the rate of concentration change of one of the reactants or products. To do this, we will include (to the reacting S₂O₈
²⁻ and I⁻
i) a small amount of sodium thiosulfate, Na₂S₂O₃,
ii) some starch indicator.
The added Na₂S₂O₃ does not interfere with the rate of above reaction, but it does consume the I₂ as soon as it is formed.
2S₂O₃²⁻
(aq) + I₂(aq) → S₄O₆²⁻
(aq) + 2I⁻
(aq)
This reaction is much faster than the previous, so the conversion of I2 back to I⁻ is essentially instantaneous.
![rate = \frac{dI2}{dt} = \frac{1/2 [S2O3^2^-]}{t}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=rate%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7BdI2%7D%7Bdt%7D%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B1%2F2%20%5BS2O3%5E2%5E-%5D%7D%7Bt%7D)
<span>The biogeochemical cycle that has the least activity because its essential element is mostly stored in rock is the phosphorus cycle. Phosphorus, unlike the other essential elements, is commonly found as a solid. This is why the atmosphere does not play a role in this cycle. Instead, phosphorus remains on land, and is mostly found in rocks and minerals.</span>
Answer:
Coal is classified as a nonrenewable energy source because it takes millions of years to form. Coal contains the energy stored by plants that lived hundreds of millions of years ago in swampy forests.