Conduction, transfer of heat or electricity through a substance, resulting from a difference in temperature between different parts of the substance, in the case of heat, or from a difference in electric potential, in the case of electricity. Since heat is energy associated with the motions of the particles making up the substance, it is transferred by such motions, shifting from regions of higher temperature, where the particles are more energetic, to regions of lower temperature. The rate of heat flow between two regions is proportional to the temperature difference between them and the heat conductivity of the substance. In solids, the molecules themselves are bound and contribute to conduction of heat mainly by vibrating against neighboring molecules; a more important mechanism, however, is the migration of energetic free electrons through the solid. Metals, which have a high free-electron density, are good conductors of heat, while nonmetals, such as wood or glass, have few free electrons and do not conduct as well. Especially poor conductors, such as asbestos, have been used as insulators to impede heat flow (see insulation). Liquids and gases have their molecules farther apart and are generally poor conductors of heat. Conduction of electricity consists of the flow of charges as a result of an electromotive force, or potential difference. The rate of flow, i.e., the electric current, is proportional to the potential difference and to the electrical conductivity of the substance, which in turn depends on the nature of the substance, its cross-sectional area, and its temperature. In solids, electric current consists of a flow of electrons; as in the case of heat conduction, metals are better conductors of electricity because of their greater free-electron density, while nonmetals, such as rubber, are poor conductors and may be used as electrical insulators, or dielectrics. Increasing the cross-sectional area of a given conductor will increase the current because more electrons will be available for conduction. Increasing the temperature will inhibit conduction in a metal because the increased thermal motions of the electrons will tend to interfere with their regular flow in an electric current; in a nonmetal, however, an increase in temperature improves conduction because it frees more electrons.
Answer:
0.221M
Explanation:
From the question ,
The Molarity of AgNO₂ = 0.310 M
Hence , the concentration of Ag⁺ = 0.301 M
The volume of AgNO₂ = 250 mL
and,
The Molarity of Sodium chromate = 0.160 M
The volume of Sodium chromate = 100 mL.
As the solution is mixed the final volume becomes ,
250mL +100mL = 350mL
Now, using the formula , to find the final molarity of the mixture ,
M₁V₁ ( initial ) = M₂V₂ ( final )
substituting the values , in the above equation ,
0.310M * 250ml = M₂ * 350ml
M₂ = 0.221M
Hence , the concentration of the silver in the final solution = 0.221M
Answer:
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Answer:
give the ion X
<h2>X2+</h2>
Explanation:
it is positively charged because the protons are more than electrons
Answer:
Low density
Explanation:
The answer to this question is low density as Gases in general have low densities as their particles are very far apart. Their inter-molecular spaces are actually large. And The number of molecules per unit volume in a gas are small when we put them in comparisons with solids and liquids. That is why they have low densities.
I hope this answers your question.
