Sitting in a second-story apartment, a physicist notices a ball moving straight upward just outside her window. The ball is visi
1 answer:
Answer:
1.013 s
Explanation:
You can solve this problem using the equations for constant acceleration motion. The velocity at the bottom of the window can be found using this expression:
the gravity is negative as it opposes the movement.
Now, the time elapsed before the ball reappears is 2 times the time that it takes for the ball to go from the bottom of the window, reach maximum height, and reach again the bottom of the window, minus 2 times the time that it takes for the ball to travel from the top to the bottom of the window. The time that takes to the ball to reach maximum height, or in other words, to time that takes for the velocity of the ball to go from vo to 0m/s:
Then:
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Answer:
<em>The force is now 9 times the original force</em>
Explanation:
<u>Coulomb's Law </u>
The electrostatic force between two charged particles is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Coulomb's formula is:
Where:
q1, q2 = the particles' charge
d= The distance between the particles
Suppose the distance is reduced to d'=d/3, the new force F' is:
The force is now 9 times the original force
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Explanation:
A)
When the particle is accelerated by a potential difference V, the change (decrease) in electric potential energy of the particle is given by:
where
q is the charge of the particle (positive)
On the other hand, the change (increase) in the kinetic energy of the particle is (assuming it starts from rest):
where
m is the mass of the particle
v is its final speed
According to the law of conservation of energy, the change (decrease) in electric potential energy is equal to the increase in kinetic energy, so:
And solving for v, we find the speed v at which the particle enters the cyclotron:
B)
When the particle enters the region of magnetic field in the cyclotron, the magnetic force acting on the particle (acting perpendicular to the motion of the particle) is
where B is the strength of the magnetic field.
This force acts as centripetal force, so we can write:
where r is the radius of the orbit.
Since the two forces are equal, we can equate them:
And solving for r, we find the radius of the orbit:
(1)
C)
The period of revolution of a particle in circular motion is the time taken by the particle to complete one revolution.
It can be calculated as the ratio between the length of the circumference () and the velocity of the particle (v):
(2)
From eq.(1), we can rewrite the velocity of the particle as
Substituting into(2), we can rewrite the period of revolution of the particle as:
And we see that this period is indepedent on the velocity.
D)
The angular frequency of a particle in circular motion is related to the period by the formula
(3)
where T is the period.
The period has been found in part C:
Therefore, substituting into (3), we find an expression for the angular frequency of motion:
And we see that also the angular frequency does not depend on the velocity.
E)
For this part, we use again the relationship found in part B:
which can be rewritten as
(4)
The kinetic energy of the particle is written as
So, from this we can find another expression for the velocity:
And substitutin into (4), we find:
So, this is the radius of the cyclotron that we must have in order to accelerate the particles at a kinetic energy of K.
Note that for a cyclotron, the acceleration of the particles is achevied in the gap between the dees, where an electric field is applied (in fact, the magnetic field does zero work on the particle, so it does not provide acceleration).