Answer:

Explanation:
Given that,
Force between two objects, F = 11.2 N
Distance between objects, d = 1.18 m
We need to find the charge on each objects. The force between charges is as follows :

So, the charge on each sphere is
.
Answer:

Explanation:
Let the total force be F
The force that produces motion in the x direction is given as, 
Let the frictional force be given as:

Thus, the net force is given as:

Answer:
Catastrophic theories
Explanation:
The theory of catastrophe is a collection of methods used to analyze and describe the ways in which a system can experience sudden significant behavioral changes when one or more of the variables that govern it are continuously modified.
Georges Louis de Buffon suggested in 1745 the first destructive theory — that a comet pulled material from the Sun to form the planets.
Therefore the answer is -
Catastrophic theories
Answer:
<h3>This tends not to happen, because atoms are composed of charged particles that interact at a distance. ... Since the electrons are around the outside of the atom, those are the things that first interact, and as they have the same charge, they repel one another.</h3>
A. The electrons from atom repel each other
Explanation:
In a chemical reaction, when mass is conserved , the number of atoms or moles of the reactants must be equal to the number of moles or atoms in the products side.
From the diagram, we should carefully look to see if the number of atoms that makes up the reactants are equal to those on the product side.
For example:
A + B → AB
Here, mass is conserved because, on the reactant side, we have 1 atom of A and on the product side we have 1 atom of A
For B, on the reactant side, we have 1 atom of B and on the product side, we have 1 atom of B.