1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
oksian1 [2.3K]
3 years ago
9

The water-gas shift reaction describes the reaction of carbon monoxide and water vapor to form carbon dioxide and hydrogen (the

mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is known as water gas):
CO(g)+H2O(g)→CO2(g)+H2(g)

This reaction is an important industrial reaction that is used in the manufacture of ammonia, hydrocarbons, methanol, and hydrogen.

Use the following information to calculate ΔH∘ in kilojoules for the water-gas shift reaction:

C(s)+O2(g)→CO2(g) ΔH∘=−393.5kJ
2CO(g)→2C(s)+O2(g) ΔH∘=+221.0kJ
2H2(g)+O2(g)→2H2O(g) ΔH∘=−483.6kJ
Express your answer to one decimal place and include the appropriate units.
Chemistry
1 answer:
sesenic [268]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

ΔH∘ = - 41.2 KJ

Explanation:

We want to obtain the change in enthalpy for the reaction

CO(g) + H₂O(g) → CO₂(g) + H₂(g) (Main reaction)

And we're given the heat of formation of the reactants and products in the reaction

C(s) + O₂(g) → CO₂(g) ΔH∘=−393.5kJ (Reaction A)

2CO(g) → 2C(s) + O₂(g) ΔH∘=+221.0kJ (Reaction B)

2H₂(g) + O₂(g) → 2H₂O(g) ΔH∘=−483.6kJ (Reactions C)

To achieve this, we use the Born-Haber cycle.

The Born-Haber cycle entails writing the change in enthalpy of a reaction as a sum of change in enthalpies of a number of reactions that sum up to give the reaction whose enthalpy we needed from the start.

The main reaction is a sum of a sort of combination of Reactions A, B and C. We find this combination now.

From the reactions whose change in enthalpies are given,

C(s) + O₂(g) → CO₂(g) ΔH∘=−393.5kJ (Reaction A)

2CO(g) → 2C(s) + O₂(g) ΔH∘=+221.0kJ (Reaction B)

Dividing through by 2

CO(g) → C(s) + (1/2)O₂(g) ΔH∘=+110.5kJ (the enthalpy is divided by 2 too)

This reaction becomes (Reaction B)/2

2H₂(g) + O₂(g) → 2H₂O(g) ΔH∘=−483.6kJ (Reactions C)

Changing the direction of the reaction

2H₂O(g) → 2H₂(g) + O₂(g) ΔH∘=483.6kJ (the sign on the change in enthalpy changes)

Then, dividing by 2

2H₂O(g) → 2H₂(g) + O₂(g) ΔH∘=+483.6kJ

H₂O(g) → H₂(g) + (1/2)O₂(g) ΔH∘=241.8kJ (the change in enthalpy is divided by 2 too)

This reaction becomes (-Reaction C)/2

But, now, our main reaction can be written as a sum of these new Reactions,

Main Reaction = (Reaction A) + [(Reaction B)/2] + [(- Reaction C)/2]

C(s) + O₂(g) + CO(g) + H₂O(g) → CO₂(g) + C(s) + (1/2)O₂(g) + H₂(g) + (1/2)O₂(g)

Which gives the main reaction after eliminating the O2 that appears on both sides.

CO(g) + H₂O(g) → CO₂(g) + H₂(g)

Hence,

(ΔH∘ for the main reaction) = (ΔH∘ for reaction A) + [(ΔH∘/2) for reaction B) - [(ΔH∘/2) for reaction C)

ΔH∘ = - 393.5 + (221/2) - (-483.6/2) = - 41.2 KJ

You might be interested in
If one serving of a packaged frozen dinner contains 5.2 grams of saturated fat and the maximum recommended daily intake of satur
den301095 [7]

Answer:

The percentage of the daily value for saturated fat provided by one package of this food is 26.0%

Explanation:

It has been given from the preceding statement that one package of the dinner provides 5.2g out of the 20 grams recommended for daily need. This is 5.2/20 x 100 given 26.0% of the daily neded value will be provided by a plate or package of the dinner.

7 0
2 years ago
The enthalpy of combustion of naphthalene (MW = 128.17 g/mol) is -5139.6 kJ/mol. How much energy is produced by burning 0.8210 g
bazaltina [42]

The energy produced by burning : -32.92 kJ

<h3>Further explanation</h3>

Delta H reaction (ΔH) is the amount of heat change between the system and its environment

(ΔH) can be positive (endothermic = requires heat) or negative (exothermic = releasing heat)

The enthalpy and heat(energy) can be formulated :

\tt \Delta H=\dfrac{Q}{n}\rightarrow n=mol

The enthalpy of combustion of naphthalene (MW = 128.17 g/mol) is -5139.6 kJ/mol.

The energy released for 0.8210 g of naphthalene :

\tt Q=\Delta H\times n\\\\Q=-5139.6~kJ/mol\times \dfrac{0.8210~g}{128.17~g/mol}~\\\\Q=-32.92~kJ

3 0
2 years ago
What is the difference between long period and short period<br>.​
Katarina [22]
The short run refers to a period of time short enough so that the amounts of at least one or more of the factors of production used by the firm cannot be changed. ... By the long run we mean a period of time long enough so that the amounts of all factors of production used by the firm can be changed.
8 0
3 years ago
An atom of which element has the greatest attraction for electrons in a chemical bond?
Katyanochek1 [597]
Answer is (4) - Se.

Among the given choices Se has the highest electronegativity value as 2.4 compared to others. Hence, Se shows <span>greatest attraction for electrons in a chemical bond.

</span>Electronegativity is a value that tells us how an atom can attract electrons towards itself. <span>If the electronegativity is high, then the attraction to the electrons is also high. 
</span>
5 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
What does contact forces and non-contact forces mean?
Dmitrij [34]
A contact force is a force in which and object comes in contact with a another object. A non-contact force, is a force is an object applied by another body. (A good example of a non-contact force is gravity)
8 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • Molecules containing a large number of hydroxyl groups are
    15·1 answer
  • It is estimated that 10 babies are born every 4 seconds. How many babies are born in<br> 1 minute?
    12·1 answer
  • Which one of the following substances would be the most soluble in CCl4?
    15·1 answer
  • I really need help with this, someone help me please.
    14·1 answer
  • What diet do bearded dragons thrive on?
    10·2 answers
  • Which of the following represents the equation for volume?
    8·2 answers
  • 1) A) Balance the following equation:
    15·1 answer
  • Give the RNA complementary strands of the original strands listed below:
    9·1 answer
  • Can yall answer the question on the image PLEASE
    15·1 answer
  • Question 1
    8·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!