Answer:
D. Cost of Goods Sold
Explanation:
The cost of goods sold or simply COGS is a numerical representation of the direct expenses incurred in manufacturing products sold to customers in a period. It is the aggregate of direct labor, direct materials, and overheads used in the production process. COGS apply to manufacturing firms and companies that handle physical goods.
The COGS is deducted from the sales revenue to give the gross profit. Calculating the COGS involves adding the purchases or goods manufactured to the beginning inventory. Ending inventory is deducted from the total to provide the COGS. As per the formula, the COGS does not apply to the service industry.
Answer:
The real budgeted value of the work that has actually been performed to date.
Explanation:
Earned value refers to the three primary project success metrics: cost, schedule, and performance. It measures the actual work performed against its budget and schedule. Did the actual work performed corresponds to its work budget and was it performed on time following the schedule? Earned value represents how much of the project's budget has been performed to date, both in monetary and productive terms.
Answer:
b. decreases; decreases; falls.
Explanation:
A bond can be defined as a debt or fixed investment security, in which a bondholder (investor or creditor) loans an amount of money to the bond issuer (government or corporations) for a specific period of time. The bond issuer are expected to return the principal (face value) at maturity with an agreed upon interest (coupon), which are paid at fixed intervals.
In Economics, there are primarily two (2) factors which affect the availability and the price at which goods and services are sold or provided, these are demand and supply.
The law of demand states that, the higher the demand for goods and services, the higher the price it would be sold all things being equal. On the other hand, law of supply states that the higher the price of goods and services, the lower the supply.
Recession can be defined as a period of economic meltdown, in which there's a general decline in all economic activities such as trade.
Hence, when the economy slips into a recession, normally the demand for bonds decreases, the supply of bonds decreases, and the interest rate falls, ceteris paribus (everything else held constant).
Answer:
C. Trading Securities
Explanation:
Trading securities refer to those securities which are purchased not with the intention of holding them till maturity, but to realize the gains arising as a consequence of short term price movements.
Bonds refer to debt instruments issued by the borrower for raising long term finance whereby the borrower promised to pay fixed coupon rate of interest on timely basis and principal repayment upon redemption.
In the given case, bonds purchased with the intention of selling in the near future with an objective to benefit from short term price movements represent trading securities. The benefit would be in the form of short term capital appreciation.
The way to calculate an NPV Spreadsheet using the NPV Function are:
- =NPV(discount rate, series of cash flow)
- Step 1: Set a discount rate in a cell.
- Step 2: Establish a series of cash flows (must be in consecutive cells).
- Step 3: Type “=NPV(“ and select the discount rate “,” then select the cash flow cells and “)”.
<h3>What is an NPV Function?</h3>
This refers to the excel function that is used to calculate the net present value and the discount rates for cash flows.
Hence, we can see that given that you have the discount factor, the annual operating costs, and annual benefits, you would then need to add the present value of all +ve cash flows and subtract the present value of all -ve cash flows.
Read more about discount factors here:
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