In transverse waves, the particle movement is perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. Light and other types of electromagnetic radiation are examples of transverse waves. Some other examples of transverse waves include a ripple on a pond and a wave in a string.
Think of it this way:
DNA inside cells store all the genetic information on a person's looks, eye colour, hair colour etc. It makes them unique. The analogy of being like books in a library basically suggests that in a library there is so much information and every book is different with different knowledge... That's basically what DNA is; millions of different information things.
oo, The Big Bang theory predicts how much of each element should have been made in the early universe, and what we see in very distant galaxies and old stars is just right. You cannot look in new stars, like the Sun, for this evidence, because they contain elements that were created in previous generations of stars.
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