What describes the change in Gibbs free energy (∆G) of a spontaneous reaction?
1 answer:
<u>Answer:</u> The correct answer is Option A.
<u>Explanation:</u>
Gibbs Free energy is defined as amount of useful work that can be done in the system. It is equal to the enthalpy of the reaction minus the product of entropy of the reaction and absolute temperature.
Mathematically,
Where,
= Gibbs free energy
= Enthalpy of the reaction
= Entropy of the reaction
T = Absolute temperature
Sign Convention for Gibbs Free energy:
If , it is considered as a Spontaneous reaction.
If , it is considered as a Non-Spontaneous reaction.
If , reaction is in equilibrium.
Hence, the correct answer is Option A.
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Answer:
True
Explanation:
Ethers react with HI to form the corresponding alcohols and alkyl iodides.
Similarly, ethyl ether react with excess of HI to form ethanol and ethyl iodide. But in the excess of HI as mentioned in the question, ethanol too undergoes reaction with HI to form ethyl iodide.
<u>Hence, ethyl iodide is the only product when ethyl ether reacts with excess of HI for several hours.</u>
Panel One
<em><u>Trigonal Planar</u></em>: This is in the shape of a triangle. It is an equilateral triangle with three equal atoms/ions at each corner of the triangle. The most well known example is a molecule with Boron at the center and the corner molecules some like Florine or iodine.
Trigonal Planar is the second Lewis Diagram from the right.
The uploaded picture is the second from the left.
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<em><u>Tetrahedral</u></em> (Second Lewis Diagram from the left) is something like a pyramid except that that the base is triangular as are each of the faces. The carbon is in the center and the chlorines (in this example) are each in a corner. If this made of just carbon (like diamond or anthracite coal) then you are talking about something that is extremely hard. It's the first upload on the left.
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<em><u>The Trigonal pyramid</u></em> is the first Lewis Diagram on the left. It usually has an unattached pair of electrons. Nitrogen or Phosphorous are ususally the samples in the center. The nitrogen with its unused paired electrons are at the peak of blue sphere in the diagram that is uploaded second from the right.
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<em><u>The Bent one</u></em> is first lewis diagram on the right. It bends because of the unbalance (and double bonds) away from the nitrogen. Water looks something like that. Water is an example of Bent.
The upload is first on the right. These diagrams help you visulize what the various molecules look like
<em><u>Summary of Lewis Diagrams.</u></em>
From Left to right on the diagrams you gave me.
Trigonal Pyramidal
Tetrahedral
Trigonal Planar
Bent
<em><u>Summary of uploaded diagrams.</u></em>
From Left to right
Tetrahedral
Trigonal Planar
Trigonal Pyramidal
Bent
Problem Two
The very quick answer is E. Water is a bent molecule. It is flat. It has a very definite (+) end and a very definite (-) end. The marriage of a plus end with a minus is a very long lasting relationship. It is not the strongest bond in the world, but it is strong enough to create all the properties that the stem of the question has listed. [High melting and boiling points and high surface tension.
A is a repulsive condition. Likes repulse. Wrong answer.
B is wrong. We are talking about water itself, not water with something in it.
C is Wrong. Water molecules are distinct. They are a bit on the hermit side. They do not connect directly with each other.
D Wrong. There is no interchange of electrons between molecules.
