Answer:
Enhancer sequence.
Explanation:
Enhancers may be defined as the transcription factors that are used to enhance or increase the activity of the gene. Enhancers bind with the transcription factors to regulate and increase its expression.
The mutation in the enhancers decrease the transcription of of the other gene. These sequences lies far away from the transcription site but still known to increase the rate of transcription. Hence, the mutation has been done in the enhancer sequences.
Thus, the correct answer is option (b).
Answer:
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Explanation:
Ricin comes under the category of functionally related toxins, in a combination known as RIPs (ribosome inactivating proteins). This disables ribosomes and stops the process of protein synthesis.
They directly associate with and inactivate the ribosomes or modify the factors taking part in the process of translation, generally the elongation step. These proteins bring about depurination of adenine at position 4324 in the 28 S rRNA.
This further inhibits the generation of a critical-stem-loop configuration to which the elongation factor is considered to combine at the time of the translocation step of translation. The ultimate outcome of this activity is the complete inhibition of cellular translation.
