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ch4aika [34]
3 years ago
10

What is restriction enzymes and what is it’s purpose?

Chemistry
1 answer:
Eddi Din [679]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:  <u>Endonuclease enzymes used in molecular biology that cut DNA at specified points.</u>

Explanation:

Enzymes are specific protein types which bind to a substrate within a reaction, to increase the rate of reaction within the solution- they speed up the rate of reaction.

Restriction enzymes are bacteria-derived enzymes; these make cuts on deoxyribonucleic acid molecules or DNA. These are also called  restriction endonucleases. They are utilized in molecular biology for DNA cloning and sequencing and cut DNA into smaller pieces called fragments.

Restriction enzymes make directed cuts on DNA molecules. They precisely target sites on DNA to produce mostly identical or homogenous, discrete fragments of equal sizes, producing blunt or sticky ends. In order to do this, they recognize sequences of nucleotides that correspond with a complementary sequence on the endonuclease called restriction sites.

There are several kinds that may require cofactors (chemical or metallic compounds that aid in enzyme activity)  :

  • Type I: cleave far away from the recognition site; require ATP and  SAMe S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine

  • Type II: cleave near to the site; require Magnesium

  • Type III: cleave near to the site; require ATP which is not hydrolysed but  SAMe S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine is optional

  • Type IV: cleavage targeted to DNA that have undergone post transcriptional modification through certain types of methylation (addition of a methyl group)

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Why do some atoms form positive ions and others form negative ions?
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It is energetically favorable for all atoms to have a complete outer electron shell. Loosely, the atoms on the left hand side of the periodic table only have a few extra electrons in their outer shell so it is energetically favorable for them to lose them. The atoms on the right hand side of the periodic table almost have enough electrons in their outer shell and so they have a tendency to gain them. Once electrons have left an electron shell, an atom will have a positive charge because it has more protons (positive charges) than electrons (negative charges). Similarly, an electron which has gained electrons to complete its outer shell will have a negative charge because it now has more electrons (negative charge) than protons (positive charge).
8 0
3 years ago
A student made a graph to show the chemical equilibrium position of a reaction.
pogonyaev

Answer:

Concentration, because the amounts of reactants and products remain constant after equilibrium is reached.

Explanation:

The rate of reaction refers to the amount of reactants converted or products formed per unit time.

As the reaction progresses, reactions are converted into products. This continues until equilibrium is attained in a closed system.

When equilibrium is attained, the rate of forward reaction is equal to the rate of reverse reaction, hence the concentration of reactants and products in the system remain fairly constant over time.

When deducing the rate of reaction, concentration of the specie of interest is plotted on the y-axis against time on the x-axis.

8 0
3 years ago
A certain water tower hold 4.6×10^5 gallons of water. find the volume of that water in liters.​
Readme [11.4K]

Answer: 1741289L

Explanation:

1 gallon = 3.78541 L

4.6×10^5 gallons = 4.6×10^5 x 3.78541 = 1741289L

6 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Determine the density of gold if a 475.09g sample occupy a space of 24.6cm^3
Ira Lisetskai [31]

Answer:

The answer is

<h2>19.31 g/cm³</h2>

Explanation:

The density of a substance can be found by using the formula

density =  \frac{mass}{volume}

From the question

mass of gold = 475.09g

volume = 24.6 cm³

The density of the gold is

density =  \frac{475.09}{24 .6}  \\  = 19.3126016...

We have the final answer as

<h3>19.31 g/cm³</h3>

Hope this helps you

6 0
3 years ago
Most metamorphosis processes take place
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Most metamorphic processes take place a few kilometers below Earth's surface. Metamorphic processes result due to intense heat and high pressure below the Earth's surface. Also, metamorphism can occur on two scales, contact and regional.

8 0
2 years ago
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