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3 years ago

Why do atoms share electrons in covalent bonds?

Chemistry

2 answers:

vladimir2022 [97]3 years ago

7 0

To fill the other element's shell.

Mrac [35]3 years ago

4 0

Answer:

Atoms share electrons in covalent bonds because in this way both atoms attain the more stable configuration of a noble gas (complete valence shell).

Explanation:

Covalents bonds are the chemical bonds that result when two atoms share the electrons of the valence shell (the outermost shell of the atoms).

The shared electrons may be count as belonging to the two atoms that form the bond, and so both atoms will gain the electrons that permit them to complete the 8 electrons in their outermost shell, which is the most stable configuration of the noble gases (2 in the special case of hydrogen and helium). This is the so called octet rule.

The covalent bonds are possible between elements that are close in the periodic table, meaning that their electronegativitiies are similar, and are typical of non-metal elements.

When two or more atoms are bonded by covalent bonds they form a molecule. Some examples of molecules formed by pure covalent bonds are: diatomic hydrogen, diatomic chlorine, and diatomic sulfur.

Since one atom of chlorine has 7 valence electrons it needs one additional electron to complete the 8 electrons (octet rule). Hence, two atomos of chlorine may share one electron each, and so both atoms will count 8 electrons in the outermost shell, gaining stabilization both.

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Which subatomic particle plays the greatest part in determining the properties of an element?

Ostrovityanka [42]

The subatomic particle that plays the greatest role in determining the physical and chemical properties of an element is the electron. The electron has symbol e− or β− with a negative elementary electric charge. Thank you for posting your question here. I hope the answer helps.

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3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

Based on the Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory (or VSEPR), molecules will arrange to keep the following as far apart

elena55 [62]

Answer:

B. Valence Electron Pairs

Explanation:

Valence-shell electron-pair repulsion, or VSEPR, describes the shape of molecules by determining the repulsion of valence electrons. Therefore, our answer is B.

6 0

3 years ago

3.5g of a Certain compound X, known to be made of carbon, hydrogen, and perhaps oxygen, and to have a molecular molar mass of 15

shutvik [7]

Answer:

C₅H₁₀O₅

Explanation:

1. Calculate the mass of each element in 2.78 mg of X.

(a) Mass of C

$\text{Mass of C} = \text{5.13 g CO}_{2}\times \dfrac{\text{12.01 g C}}{\text{44.01 g }\text{CO}_{2}}= \text{1.400 g C}$

(b) Mass of H

$\text{Mass of H} = \text{2.10 g H$_{2}$O}\times \dfrac{\text{2.016 g H}}{\text{18.02 g H$_{2}$O}} = \text{0.2349 g H}$

(c) Mass of O

Mass of O = 3.5 - 1.400 - 0.2349 = 1.87 g

2. Calculate the moles of each element

$\text{Moles of C = 1400 mg C}\times\dfrac{\text{1 mmol C}}{\text{12.01 mg C }} = \text{116.6 mmol C}\\\\\text{Moles of H = 234.9 mg H} \times \dfrac{\text{1 mmol H}}{\text{1.008 mg H}} = \text{233.1 mmol H}\\\\\text{Moles of O = 1870 mg O} \times \dfrac{\text{1 mmol O}}{\text{16.00 mg O}} = \text{116 mmol O}$

3. Calculate the molar ratios

Divide all moles by the smallest number of moles.

$\text{C: } \dfrac{116.6}{116.6}= 1\\\\\text{H: } \dfrac{233.1}{116.6} = 1.999\\\\\text{O: } \dfrac{116}{116.6} = 1.00$

4. Round the ratios to the nearest integer

C:H:O = 1:2:1

5. Write the empirical formula

The empirical formula is CH₂O.

6. Calculate the molecular formula.

EF Mass = (12.01 + 2.016 + 16.00) u = 30.03 u

The molecular formula is an integral multiple of the empirical formula.

MF = (EF)ₙ

$n = \dfrac{\text{MF Mass}}{\text{EF Mass }} = \dfrac{\text{150 u}}{\text{30.03 u}} = 5.00 \approx 5$

MF = (CH₂O)₅ = C₅H₁₀O₅

The molecular formula of X is C₅H₁₀O₅.

8 0

4 years ago

If you assume this reaction is driven to completion because of the large excess of one ion, what is the concentration of [Fe(SCN

viktelen [127]

Answer : The concentration of $[Fe(SCN)]^{2+}$ is, $4.32\times 10^{-4}M$

Explanation :

When we assume this reaction is driven to completion because of the large excess of one ion then we are assuming limiting reagent is $SCN^-$ and $Fe^{3+}$ is excess reagent.