Answer:
- <u><em> orbitals </em></u>
Explanation:
Each orbital may contain a maximum of two electrons.
The energy level is the principal quantum number: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.
The principal quantum number limits the kind of orbital (ℓ ) and the number of orbitals (mℓ ).
I. Principal quantum number, n = 1
Angular or orbital quantum number : ℓ = 0 ⇒ ortibal s
Magnetic quantum number: mℓ = 0
⇒ number of orbitals 1 ⇒ number of electrons: 2
II. Principal quantun number, n = 2
Angular or orbital quantum number : ℓ = 0 and 1 ⇒ ortibal s and p
Magnetic quantum number:
for ℓ: mℓ = 0: 1 s ortibal
for ℓ = 1: mℓ = -1, 0, and +1: 3 p ortitals
⇒ number of orbitals 4 ⇒ number of electrons: 8
III. Principal quantun number, n = 3
Angular or orbital quantum number : ℓ = 0, 1, and 2 ⇒ ortibal s, p and d
Magnetic quantum number:
for ℓ: mℓ = 0: 1 s ortibal
for ℓ = 1: mℓ = -1, 0, and +1: 3 p ortitals
for ℓ = 2: mℓ = -2, -1, 0, +1, and +2: 5 d ortitals
⇒ number of orbitals 9 ⇒ number of electrons: 18
IV. Principal quantun number, n = 4
Angular or orbital quantum number : ℓ = 0, 1, 2, and 3 ⇒ ortibal s, p, d and f
Magnetic quantum number:
for ℓ: mℓ = 0: 1 s ortibal
for ℓ = 1: mℓ = -1, 0, and +1: 3 p ortitals
for ℓ = 2: mℓ = -2, -1, 0, +1, and +2: 5 d ortitals
for ℓ = 3: mℓ = ±3, ±2, ±1, and 0: 7 f ortitals
⇒ number of orbitals 16 ⇒ number of electrons: 32.
Thus, you have:
energy level, n maximum number of maximum number of
orbitals electrons
1 1 2
2 4 8
3 9 18
4 16 32
Those numbers follow a rule: n² and 2n². You can verify that the previous numbers are in accordance with those formulas.
