Answer:
C. lower, higher
The reason for this is that when growth rates are lower investors will be willing to pay less for the stock is because low growth rate mean that the capital gains will be less as stock price is less likely to increase in the future and dividend growth is also less. Also the DDM model D*(1+G)/1-R shows that mathematically a lower growth rate would mean lower stock price
Also Higher required returns mean that the investor requires higher returns to buy the stock, because he may view the stock as risky and requires higher returns for the risk he is taking or he may have a higher opportunity cost (for eg interest rates may be high) with other investments. Mathematically the DDM model D*(1+G)/R-G shows us that a higher R would mean lower stock price.
Explanation:
<span>The fundamental limitation of a matrix structure is that it institutes a dual hierarchy that violates the unity-of-command principle</span>
Answer:
Incentive systems are so attractive to leaders who attempt to implement organizational change because they are powerful tools that can influence and motivate workers to embrace organizational change.
Explanation:
Incentive systems promote and encourage specific workers' actions or behavior. They are particularly used in businesses to motivate employees to adopt certain behaviors during a change transition by management. Studies have shown that if correct incentive systems are correctly selected, implemented, and monitored, they can increase team performance by an average of 44 percent. This improved performance makes incentive systems attractive to leaders who are implementing organizational changes.
Answer:
Short range predictors:
c. Nominal interest rate differential
d. Psychological effects
e. Investor expectations
f. Bandwagon effect
Long range predictors:
a. Relative monetary growth
b. Relative inflation rates
Explanation:
Nominal rate, the real rate, and inflation. long term predictors of an economic theory in which a relationship between inflation, nominal interest rate and real interest rate is identified. It defines that real interest rate is equal to inflation minus nominal interest rate.
Bandwagon effect is a short range predictor because it is effect of uptake when people follow others. They take decisions what other do and its their belief that other people have taken the right decision so we too. This is just a short term hop based on beliefs regardless of any underlying evidence.
Answer:
d. 2.94%
Explanation:
First, Calculate the Yield to maturity of the bond using the following formula
Use the following formula to calculate the YTM
P = [ C x ( 1 - ( 1 + r )^-n ) / r ] + [ F / ( 1 + r )^n ]
Where
F = Face value = $1,000
P = Price = $1,495.56
C = Coupon payment = Face value x Coupon rate = $1,000 x 10% = $100
n = numbers of periods = Numbers of years to maturity = 10 years
r = YTM = ?
Placing values in the formula
$1,495.56 = [ $100 x ( 1 - ( 1 + r )^-10 ) / r ] + [ $1,000 / ( 1 + r )^10 ]
r = 3.916%
Now calculate the after-tax cost of debt
After-tax cost of debt = YTM x ( 1 - Tax rate )
After-tax cost of debt = 3.916% x ( 1 - 25% )
After-tax cost of debt = 2.937%
After-tax cost of debt = 2.94%
