Al3+ is cation due to its positve charge
N3- is an anion due to its negative charge
Gain or lose.
The exchange of electrons in chemical bonding seeks to fulfill the octet rule. There are some exceptions, such as with hydrogen and helium, whose valence shells have a capacity of two electrons.
The temperature of a reaction causes its rate of reaction to increase because the heat inputted into the solution excites the electrons that make up the solution, therefore making them move faster, colliding more often with other molecules of the solution. This increase in collision rates causes the rate of reaction to increase.
Answer:
The heat required to raise the temperature of 12g of water from 16 C to 21 C is 60 cal.
Explanation:
Calorimetry is the measurement and calculation of the amounts of heat exchanged by a body or a system.
There is a direct proportional relationship between heat and temperature. The constant of proportionality depends on the substance that constitutes the body as on its mass, and is the product of the specific heat by the mass of the body. So, the equation that allows calculating heat exchanges is:
Q = c * m * ΔT
where Q is the heat exchanged by a body of mass m, made up of a specific heat substance c and where ΔT is the temperature variation.
In this case, you know:
- Q=?
- c= 4.186

- m= 12 g
- ΔT=Tfinal - Tinitial= 21 °C - 16°C= 5 °C
Replacing:
Q= 4.186
*12 g *5 °C
Solving:
Q=251.16 J
Since 1 J is equal to 0.2388 cal, then the following rule of three can be applied: if 1 J is equal to 0.2388 cal, then 251.16 J to how many cal are?

cal= 59.98 ≅ 60
<u><em>The heat required to raise the temperature of 12g of water from 16 C to 21 C is 60 cal.</em></u>