The velocity of the tip of the second hand is 0.0158 m/s
Explanation:
First of all, we need to calculate the angular velocity of the second hand.
We know that the second hand completes one full circle in
T = 60 seconds
Therefore, its angular velocity is:

Now we can calculate the velocity of a point on the tip of the hand by using the formula

where
is the angular velocity
r = 15 cm = 0.15 m is the radius of the circle (the distance of the point from the centre of rotation)
Substituting,

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Let t=time to reach the ground=8 secs, g= acceleration of gravity. The speed v on reaching the ground is gt=8g=78.4 m/s where g=9.8 m/s/s approx.
The relevant equation to use here is:
y = v0 t + 0.5 g t^2
where y is the vertical distance, v0 is initial velocity =
0, t is time, g = 9.8 m/s^2
y = 0 + 0.5 * 9.8 * 3^2
<span>y = 44.1 meters</span>