I think the correct answer from the choices listed above is option A. The structural level of a protein least affected by a disruption in hydrogen bonding is the primary level. The other levels are very much affected by hydrogen bonding. Hope this answers the question.
Explanation :
The study of light and electrons are important for chemistry & universe.
As we know, everything is made up of particles even light & universe also. The particles are made of atoms and that atoms are made up of electrons, protons & neutrons.
An electron is one of the most important type of subatomic particles. Electrons combine with the proton to form atom. These electrons, protons & neutrons play a vital role in chemistry and universe.
The importance of an electron is that when two atoms react with each other or approach each other, their outermost shells come into contact first and these outermost shells electrons are involved in the chemical reaction.
Also important for chemical reactions, creating bonds, for electricity and the understanding of electrons has allowed for the better understanding of some forces which are in our universe such as electromagnetic force.
We know that the light is act as particle nature and it is a part of universe. As we know that chemists are only responsible for the chemical's study. Chemists cannot study the whole universe that is why they study light and the light is important because nothing would be able to survive.
The studying of light is important for the photoelectric effect, absorption, bio-molecules synthesis, vitamin D synthesis, vision, colors, drying & evaporation, sterilization, solar energy, spectroscopy, signal system and also for electron excitation.
When PH + POH = 14
∴ POH = 14 -7 = 7
when POH = -㏒[OH-]
7 = -㏒ [OH-]
∴[OH-] = 10^-7
by using ICE table:
Mn(OH)2(s) ⇄ Mn2+ (aq) + 2OH-(aq)
initial 0 10^-7
change +X +2X
Equ X (10^-7 + 2X)
when Ksp = [Mn2+][OH-]^2
when Ksp of Mn(OH)2 = 4.6 x 10^-14
by substitution:
4.6 x 10^-14 = X*(10^-7+2X)^2 by solving this equation for X
∴ X =2.3 x 10-5 M
∴ The solubility of Mn(OH)2 in grams per liter (when the molar mass of Mn(OH)2 = 88.953 g/mol
= 2.3 x10^-5 moles/L * 88.953 g/mol
= 0.002 g/ L
Answer:
B. Negative ion with a radius larger than the radius of the atom
Explanation:
When a negative ion is formed, electrons are added to the atom. As electrons are added to the atom, the size of the electron cloud increases accordingly.
As a result of this, a negative ion is always larger than its corresponding atom. Hence, nitrogen ion must be larger than the nitrogen atom based on the facts stated above.
Answer:
A - Increase (R), Decrease (P), Decrease(q), Triple both (Q) and (R)
B - Increase(P), Increase(q), Decrease (R)
C - Triple (P) and reduce (q) to one third
Explanation:
<em>According to Le Chatelier principle, when a system is in equilibrium and one of the constraints that affect the rate of reaction is applied, the equilibrium will shift so as to annul the effects of the constraint.</em>
P and Q are reactants, an increase in either or both without an equally measurable increase in R (a product) will shift the equilibrium to the right. Also, any decrease in R without a corresponding decrease in either or both of P and Q will shift the equilibrium to the right. Hence, Increase(P), Increase(q), and Decrease (R) will shift the equilibrium to the right.
In the same vein, any increase in R without a corresponding increase in P and Q will shift the equilibrium to the left. The same goes for any decrease in either or both of P and Q without a counter-decrease in R will shift the equilibrium to the left. Hence, Increase (R), Decrease (P), Decrease(q), and Triple both (Q) and (R) will shift the equilibrium to the left.
Any increase or decrease in P with a commensurable decrease or increase in Q (or vice versa) with R remaining constant will create no shift in the equilibrium. Hence, Triple (P) and reduce (q) to one third will create no shift in the equilibrium.
