Fertilizer runoff has a negative impact on aquatic ecosystems because _______.
2 answers:
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Answer:
See explanation and images attached
Explanation:
a) In the mechanism for the acid catalysed esterification of propanoic acid using ethanol, we can see that the first step is the protonation of the acid followed by nucleophillic attack of the alcohol. Loss of water and consequent deprotonation regenerates the acid catalyst. We can see the fate of the 18O labelled ethanol in the mechanism shown.
b) In the second mechanism, an unnamed ester is hydrolysed using an acid catalyst. The attack of the acid and subsequent nucleophillic attack of water labelled with 18O leads to the incorporation of this 18O into the product acid as shown in the mechanism attached to this answer.
Explanation:
(a) Formula that shows relation between and
is as follows.
Here, = 1
Putting the given values into the above formula as follows.
=
=
= 0.01316
(b) As the given reaction equation is as follows.
As there is only one gas so ,
= 1.20
Therefore, pressure of in the container is 1.20.
(c) Now, expression for for the given reaction equation is as follows.
=
= \frac{x^{2}}{(a - x)}[/tex]
where, a = initial conc. of
=
= 0.023 M
0.0131 =
x = 0.017
Therefore, calculate the percentage of calcium carbonate remained as follows.
% of remained =
= 75.46%
Thus, the percentage of calcium carbonate remained is 75.46%.