In order for carbon to be stable and have 8 electrons, it must make 4 total covalent bonds.
In prefer for oxygen to be stable and have 8 electrons, it must make 2 covalent bonds.
So, we can deduce that CO2 looks like this:
O=C=O
This molecule has two double bonds.
Pssst...Can I get a brainliest?
You should read up on Proust's law, better known as the Law of Definite Proportions. This is a chemical law that defines your question more generally, on why the ratio of elements and ions are always fixed.
Basically, this compound Magnesium(II) Chloride is MgCl2 because it has the same number of protons, neutrons, and electrons all the way. This defines the properties of the compound or atom.
₁₇Cl 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁵, 1 unpaired electron in 3pz orbital.
