We know the initial concentrations which are 1 and 2 M. In order to know the concentration of equilibrium, we need to do an ICE chart, and then, write the equilibrium expression for this reaction to calculate the concentration.
The ICE chart:
CO(g) + NH3(g) <------> HCONH2(g) Kc = 0.9
i) 1 2 0
c) -x -x x
e) 1-x 2-x x
The equilibrium expression:
Kc = [HCONH2] / [CO][NH3]
Replacing the values we have:
0.9 = x / (1-x)(2-x)
0.9(1-x)(2-x) = x
0.9(x²-3x+2) = x
0.9x² - 2.7x + 1.8 = x
0.9x² - 3.7x + 1.8 = 0
From here, we solve for x using the general formula for a quadratic expression:
x = -b ±√b² - 4ac / 2a
Replacing the values here:
x = 3.7 ±√(3.7)² - 4 * 0.9 * 1.8 / 2*0.9
x = 3.7 ±√13.69 - 6.48 / 1.8
x = 3.7 ± 2.69 / 1.8
x1 = 3.7 - 2.69 / 1.8 = 0.56
x2 = 3.7 + 2.69 / 1.8 = 3.55
As 3.55 is > 1 and 2 from the initial concentrations, the correct value is x1 therefore:
When the oxygen atoms in ozone layer were destroyed by ultraviolet radiations the individual oxygen atoms will make bond with each other and form paired oxygen molecules again to form ozone.
What is the ozone layer?
Ozone layer has a high concentration of ozone (O3) in comparison to the rest of the atmosphere, although it is still low in comparison to other gases in the stratosphere.
The ozone layer contains less than ten parts per million of ozone, whereas the normal ozone concentration in the Earth's atmosphere is around 0.3 parts per million. The ozone layer is mostly found in the lower stratosphere.
To learn more about ozone layer click the given link
The balanced equation is Fe₂O₃ + 3 CO = 2 Fe + 3 CO₂. Next step is to convert everything to moles. 12.6g Fe₂O₃ x (1 mol Fe₂O₃ / 159.7g Fe₂O₃) = 0.07890 mol Fe₂O₃ 9.65g CO x (1 mol CO / 28.01g CO) = 0.3445 mol CO The third step is to determine the limiting and excess reactants. 0.07890 mol Fe₂O₃ x (3 mol CO/1 mol Fe₂O₃) = 0.2367 mol CO Therefore Fe₂O₃ is the limiting reagent while CO is in excess.
0.07890 mol Fe x (2 mol Fe(s) / 1 mol Fe₂O₃) = 0.1578 mol Fe(s) 0.1578 mol Fe x (55.84g Fe / mole Fe) = 8.812g Fe is the theoretical yield %yield = (7.23g / 8.812g) x 100% = 82.0% is the percent yield
