Answer:
1. 1.116 J/g.°C.
2. 184.184 J.
3. 263.718 kJ.
Explanation:
<em>1. When 400 J of heat is added to 5.6 g of olive oil at 23°C, the temperature increases to 87°C. What is the specific heat of the olive oil?</em>
- To solve this problem, we can use the relation:
<em>Q = m.c.ΔT,</em>
where, Q is the amount of heat absorbed by olive oil (Q = 400.0 J).
m is the mass of olive oil (m = 5.60 g).
c is the specific heat capacity of lead (c = ??? J/g.°C).
ΔT is the temperature difference (final T - initial T) (ΔT = 87 °C - 23 °C = 64.0 °C).
∵ Q = m.c.ΔT
<em>∴ c = Q/m.ΔT </em>= (400.0 J)/(5.6 g)(64.0 °C) = <em>1.116 J/g.°C.</em>
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<em>2. A small rock is heated and placed in a foam cup calorimeter containing 20.0 mL of water at 25.0°C. The water reaches a maximum temperature of 27.2°C. How many joules of heat are released by the rock? </em>
- Also, we can use the relation:
<em>Q = m.c.ΔT,</em>
where, Q is the amount of heat absorbed by water (Q = ??? J).
m is the mass of water (m = d.V = (1.0 g/mL)(20.0 mL) = 20.0 g).
c is the specific heat capacity of lead (c = 4.186 J/g.°C).
ΔT is the temperature difference (final T - initial T) (ΔT = 27.2 °C - 25.0 °C = 2.2 °C).
<em>∴</em> Q = m.c.ΔT = (20.0 g)(4.186 J/g.°C)(2.2 °C) = 184.184 J.
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<em>3. How many kilojoules of heat are absorbed when 1.00 L of water is heated from 19°C to 82°C?</em>
<em></em>
- Also, we can use the relation:
<em>Q = m.c.ΔT,</em>
where, Q is the amount of heat absorbed by water (Q = ??? J).
m is the mass of water (m = d.V = (1.0 g/mL)(1000.0 mL) = 1000.0 g = 1.0 kg).
c is the specific heat capacity of lead (c = 4.186 J/g.°C).
ΔT is the temperature difference (final T - initial T) (ΔT = 82.0 °C - 19.0 °C = 63.0 °C).
<em>∴</em> Q = m.c.ΔT = (1.0 kg)(4.186 J/g.°C)(63.0 °C) = 263.718 kJ.
