Answer:
1) positive
2) carbocation
3) most stable
4) faster
Explanation:
A common test for the presence of alcohols can be achieved using the Lucas reagent. Lucas reagent is a mixture of concentrated hydrochloric acid and zinc chloride.
The reaction of Lucas reagent reacts with alcohols leading to the formation of an alkyl chloride. Since the reaction proceeds via a carbocation mechanism, tertiary alcohols give an immediate reaction. Once a tertiary alcohol is mixed with Lucas reagent, the solution turns cloudy almost immediately indicating an instant positive reaction.
Secondary alcohols may turn cloudy within five minutes of mixing the solutions. Primary alcohols do not significantly react with Lucas reagent obviously because they do not form stable carbocations.
Therefore we can use the Lucas reagent to distinguish between primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols.
They don't change what the substance really is unlike chemical change. They chemical formula of the substance stays the same even though the substance can go under shape change.
Answer:
The fact that most alpha particles went straight through the foil is because the atom is mostly empty space.
Those that passed straight through did so because they didn't encounter any nuclei.
Explanation:
Answer:
The time taken for the cross mark to disappear decreases steadily down the column.
Explanation:
Now if we look at the data provided, we will discover that the volume of the HCl was held constant while the volume of the thiosulphate was increased steadily and the volume of water decreased steadily.
Recall that a system is more concentrated when it contains less volume of water and more volume of reactants. Hence as the volume of water in the system is being reduced, the concentration of reactants is increased.
It has been established that an increase in the concentration of reactants lead to an increase in the rate of reaction. The disappearance of the cross shows the completion of the reaction between HCl and thiosulphate. The faster or slower the cross disappears, the faster or slower the rate of reaction.
Since increase in concentration of reactants increases the rate of reaction, it is observed that as the volume of the thiosulphate increases (reactant concentration increases) the cross disappears faster (rate of reactant increases). Hence as the volume of thiosulphate increases, it takes a shorter time for the cross to disappear. This implies that the time column in the table (refer to the question) will decrease steadily as the volume of thiosulphate increases.
I believe it is d, a microhabitat is a small area which differs somehow from the surrounding habitat. Its unique conditions may be home to unique species that may not be found in the larger region.
