1. B: AA or aa (homo means "the same," these are identical traits.)
2. B (hetero means "different", and these are different types of traits."
Inference is d. An observation is something you sense through taste,touch,smell, hear, and see
Daubert ruiling, is a rule of evidence regarding the admissibility of expert witnesses' testimony. The expert in your scenario is not a witness.
Miranda Rights, is the right that you have to remain silent. Anything you say can and will be used against you in a court of law. You have the right to an attorney.
Ballistics rule, has to do with the calculations of the optimum rate of twist for a given bullet.
A. Frye standard is the general acceptance test is a test to determine the admissibility of scientific evidence.
Update: B. Is the answer!