There are five ways to find if two triangles are congruent: SSS, SAS, ASA, AAS and HL.
1. SSS (side, side, side)
SSS Triangle
SSS stands for "side, side, side" and means that we have two triangles with all three sides equal.
For example:
triangle is congruent to: triangle
(See Solving SSS Triangles to find out more)
If three sides of one triangle are equal to three sides of another triangle, the triangles are congruent.
2. SAS (side, angle, side)
SAS Triangle
SAS stands for "side, angle, side" and means that we have two triangles where we know two sides and the included angle are equal.
For example:
triangle is congruent to: triangle
(See Solving SAS Triangles to find out more)
If two sides and the included angle of one triangle are equal to the corresponding sides and angle of another triangle, the triangles are congruent.
3. ASA (angle, side, angle)
ASA Triangle
ASA stands for "angle, side, angle" and means that we have two triangles where we know two angles and the included side are equal.
For example:
triangle is congruent to: triangle
(See Solving ASA Triangles to find out more)
If two angles and the included side of one triangle are equal to the corresponding angles and side of another triangle, the triangles are congruent.
4. AAS (angle, angle, side)
AAS Triangle
AAS stands for "angle, angle, side" and means that we have two triangles where we know two angles and the non-included side are equal.
For example:
triangle is congruent to: triangle
(See Solving AAS Triangles to find out more)
If two angles and the non-included side of one triangle are equal to the corresponding angles and side of another triangle, the triangles are congruent.
5. HL (hypotenuse, leg)
This one applies only to right angled-triangles!
triangle HL or triangle HL
HL stands for "Hypotenuse, Leg" (the longest side of a right-angled triangle is called the "hypotenuse", the other two sides are called "legs")
It means we have two right-angled triangles with
the same length of hypotenuse and
the same length for one of the other two legs.
It doesn't matter which leg since the triangles could be rotated.
For example:
triangle is congruent to: triangle
(See Pythagoras' Theorem to find out more)
If the hypotenuse and one leg of one right-angled triangle are equal to the corresponding hypotenuse and leg of another right-angled triangle, the two triangles are congruent.
Caution! Don't Use "AAA"
AAA means we are given all three angles of a triangle, but no sides.
AAA Triangle
This is not enough information to decide if two triangles are congruent!
Because the triangles can have the same angles but be different sizes:
triangle is not congruent to: triangle
Without knowing at least one side, we can't be sure if two triangles are congruent.
