It is known as the melting point
Equivalent weight, in chemistry, the quantity of a substance that exactly reacts with, or is equal to the combining value of, an arbitrarily fixed quantity of another substance in a particular reaction. ... The equivalent weight of an element is its gram atomic weight divided by its valence (combining power).
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Temperature means, in this context, movement.
Condensation can be explained by the reduction of temperature of the system. This effect make possible the cohesion forces increases. In other words, the result is coalescence by attractive forces.
If u disturbed equilibrium position then this principal comes into effect deciding how to counteract the disturbance.
The number of students is your independent variable