iii. True. The existence of a vacancy in a crystal decreases the energy of the material.
One of the scientific disciplines called crystallography examines how the atoms in a solid crystal are arranged. When molecules are linked together in a regular way, these crystals are created.
The mechanical, physical, and optical properties of a material can alter when crystal flaws are present. The strength of the material can be impacted by a flaw.
An irregularity in the atoms' regular geometrical arrangement within a crystalline material is referred to as a crystal defect. These flaws are caused by the solid being deformed, cooling quickly from a high temperature, or being exposed to high-energy radiation (such as X-rays or neutrons). because the vacancy cause defects and the crystal structure is disturbed this causes a decrease in energy.
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Answer:
The pressure of CO2 = 0.48 atm
Explanation:
Step 1: Data given
Kp = 0.23
Step 2: The balanced equation
2NaHCO3(s) ↔ Na2CO3(s) + CO2(g) + H2O(g)
Step 3: Calculate the pressure of CO2
Kp = (p(CO2))*(p(H2O))
For 1 mol CO2 we have 1 mol H2O
x = p(CO2) = p(H2O)
Kp = 0.23 = x*x
x = √0.23
x = 0.48
pCO2 = x atm = 0.48 atm
The pressure of CO2 = 0.48 atm
Answer is: D. The I⁻ ion and the positive end of a water molecule.
Dissociation of potassium iodide in water:
KI(aq) → K⁺(aq) + I⁻(aq).
Solvation is the interaction of solvent (water) with molecules or ions (in this example K⁺ and I⁻) in a solute.
Anion I⁻ has negative charge, so positive end (hydrogen atoms) of a water molecul attracts them.
Solvent (usually a liquid, but can also be a solid or a gas) is a substance that dissolves a solute.
First step is to get the mass of water molecule in grams:
From the periodic table:
molar mass of hydrogen is 1
molar mass of oxygen is 16
molar mass of a water molecule = 2(1) + 16 = 18 gm
Now, to convert the gm into amu, all you have to do is multiply the gm you got by Avogadro's number as follows:
mass of water molecule = 18 x 6.22 x 10^23 = 1.1196 x 10^25 amu which is approximately 1 x 10^25 amu