The correct answer is C) There is not enough oxygen in the culture medium. This is because of alcoholic fermentation, and anaerobic process where the yeast transform sugar (glucose) in ethylic alcohol (ethanol) and carbon dioxide. Glucose is decomposed into pyruvic acid which then after turns into CO2 and ethanol. The bubbles described, are produced by the carbon dioxide.
The yeast, as well as some bacteria, use the glucose molecule through "glycolysis" to obtain a 3-carbon molecule called pyruvates. Glycolysis consists of 10 coupled reactions, in the end, from one glucose (6 carbons) the yeast will obtain two pyruvates (3 carbons each).
Pyruvate can follow three main routes to obtain ATP, end up as lactate, as carbon dioxide (CO2) and water or as ethanol (alcohol) and CO2. Regarding yeast, it can only be used to obtain Ethanol plus CO2 or to obtain CO2 plus water.
The path that follows from here depends on the reaction medium. The cell gets much more energy (38 molecules of ATP) by converting pyruvate into water + CO2 than by turning it into ethanol + CO2 (2 molecules of ATP). Then, whenever possible, the yeast will follow the CO2 + water path. To support this route the cell needs oxygen. In this case, the cell obtains its energy by breathing when there is no oxygen available, the yeast has a way that allows it to gain much less energy but allows it to survive, the alcoholic fermentation, previously mentioned.
Therefore, A, B, and D answers are wrong for the reasons mentioned above.
Answer;
-Start codon: AUG;
-Stop codon: UAA;
-Amino acid sequence: Met-Ala-Leu-stop
Explanation;
-A codon is a sequence of three DNA or RNA nucleotides that corresponds with a specific amino acid.
-The start codon marks the site at which translation into protein sequence begins, and the stop codon marks the site at which translation ends. The start codon is often preceded by a 5' untranslated region (5' UTR). AUG is the most common start codon. There are three RNA stop codons: UAG, UAA, and UGA.
Answer:
Increased levels of phosphate are beneficial to phytoplankton and aquatic plants. In the short-run, this means increased micronutrients for herbivorous and omnivorous fish.
The phosphate, however, reacts with the water to reduce the oxygen levels obtainable in the water. Without oxygen, the fishes die off.
It is not unusual to find that with increased phosphate in water, healthy fishes begin to die off without any other plausible explanation.
The solution is to clean the water or treat it with solutions that impact positively whilst reducing the phosphate levels.
Cheers!
Answer:
C. 0.7
Explanation:
according to Hardy-Weinberg principle
sum of the frequencies for all the alleles at the locus must be 1, so p + q = 1.
+ = 1
q = 1 − p
q = 1 − (0.3)
q = 0.7
Never reaches the crops.
Hope this helps!
