Answer:
Explanation:
The theory of natural selection was explored by 19th-century naturalist Charles Darwin. Natural selection explains how genetic traits of a species may change over time. This may lead to speciation, the formation of a distinct new species.
Natural selection is the process in which a weaker, or less advantaged animal loses something to a stronger, more advantaged animal. For example, a frog with a broken leg probably will not get to mate while a healthy frog will. Evolution is the process of an animal gradually changing over the generations biologically. An example of this is the theory that humans slowly evolved from monkeys, gradually becoming more and more human like.
Answer:
b) Phosphorus acid
Explanation:
To distinguish the type of acid of phosphorus with the oxidation state of +3, we need to be familiar with the chemical formula of each of the compounds:
Orthophosphoric acid H₃PO₄
Phosphorus acid H₃PO₃
Metaphosphoric acid HPO₃
Phyrophosphoric acid H₄P₂O₇
Now that we know the formula of the given compounds, the algebraic sum of all the oxidation numbers of all atoms in a neutral compound is zero:
Only phosphorus acid yielded an oxidation state of +3 for phosphorus in the compound.
H₃PO₃:
we know the oxidation state of H = +1
O = -2
The oxidation state of P is unknown. We can express this as an equation:
3(+1) + P + 3(-2) = 0
3 + P -6 = 0
P-3 = 0
P = +3
