H2O hzhjxjdhdjjdhdhhd i guessed sorry it might be wrong
Answer:
1. Leads to mixing of genetic materials hence variation within species
2. Leads to offspring with hybrid viguor that tend to show high and adaptability to environmental conditions.
3. Variations due to sexual reproduction leads to improvement of species hence evolutionary changes that may bring about specialisation
Answer: By us people breathing in oxygen and breathing out carbon dioxide.
Answer:
Allergens differ from antigens because *they do no stimulate the immune system resulting in the production of leukocytes rather than the stmulate the IgE antibodies*
Explanation:
Allergen and antigen are both foreign substances that can cause certain disorders to animals, but there is some difference between them in terms of their nature and the diseases caused by them. An allergen is a nonparasitic foreign substance that can cause certain immune reactions in the body when it enters the body. Whereas, an antigen is a foreign substance that can trigger the immune system to produce a specific immune response. This immune response leads to produce antibodies that can neutralize or destroy the foreign substances that entered the body.
Allergens can produce Systemic Allergic Response. Allergens stimulate the IgE antibodies by binding to them on the mast cells and causing the mast cells to rupture and release histamine, serotonin, and heparin, initiating inflammatory response.
